Open Access Policy Articles

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https://hdl.handle.net/1805/3272

The IUPUI Faculty Council adopted an open access policy on October 7th, 2014 (available from: https://openaccess.indianapolis.iu.edu/). This policy shows IU Indianapolis's commitment to disseminating the fruits of research and scholarship as widely as possible. Open access policies increase authors’ rights, readership and citation rates for scholarly articles. The opt out provision ensures that all faculty authors have the freedom to publish in the journal of their choice.

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 33878

Understanding the Digital Divide Among Protestant Churches in the United States
(Sage, 2024-12) Lee, Young-joo; Lilly Family School of Philanthropy
This study examines what contributes to the digital divide among Protestant churches in the United States, by testing how a church's organizational, participant, and clergy characteristics predict its adoption of Facebook and other social media platforms. The analysis of the 2018–2019 National Congregations Study data shows that lead pastors’ familiarity with social media, church size, and proportion of younger congregants increase the likelihood of social media use. This study concludes that denominational support for individual congregations can help close the digital divide.
Retention and recruitment of minority students and faculty in public affairs and administration programs
(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Menifield, Charles; Estorcien, Vernise; Ndongo, Jean-Claude; Quispe, Merlene-Patrice; McDonald, Bruce D., III; School of Public and Environmental Affairs
The need to improve diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) efforts has reached monumental heights in the past decade as a result of the Black Lives Matter movement and other DEIA efforts. This shift in thought has impacted recruitment and hiring practices in the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. For years, universities have tried a variety of mechanisms to increase the pool of minority applicants in PhD programs as well as the faculty ranks. However, many of these efforts have not been sustainable. In this article, we discuss the results from a survey of graduate-level public affairs programs to discern specific efforts to increase the number of minority students pursuing graduate degrees and subsequently the number of minority faculty. In addition, we completed an extant review of the literature to determine additional practices that have proven fruitful in other graduate programs.
Black Women Perceptions Matter: The Role That Gender Plays in the Assessments of Law Enforcement in Ferguson and Baltimore
(Sage, 2024) Cobbina-Dungy, Jennifer E.; Bailey, Caroline; School of Public and Environmental Affairs
Decades of research on race and policing have offered much insight into the demographic and ecological patterns of these phenomena. African Americans experience significantly more contact with police than do whites. However, few researchers have examined in detail how gender intersects with race and place in determining whether and why Black women are suspicious of the police. Using in-depth interviews, this study compares Black women's and men's accounts to examine whether and why Black participants are suspicious of the police and how these suspicions may vary by gender. Policy implications are discussed, along with concrete recommendations for reducing anti-Black racism in police policy and practice.
My manager endorsed my coworkers’ voice: Understanding observers’ positive and negative reactions to managerial endorsement of coworker voice
(APA, 2024-08) Poulton, Emily C.; Lin, Szu-Han (Joanna); Fatimah, Shereen; Ho, Cony M.; Ferris, D. Lance; Johnson, Russell E.; Kelley School of Business - Indianapolis
Research on managerial voice endorsement has primarily focused on the processes and conditions through which voicers receive their managers’ endorsement. We shift this focus away from the voicers, focusing instead on the dual reactions that endorsement generates for observing employees. Drawing from an approach-avoidance framework, we propose that managerial endorsement of coworker voice could be perceived as a positive and negative stimulus for observers, prompting them to approach opportunities and avoid threats, respectively. Results from a preregistered experiment and a multiwave, multisource field study revealed that managerial endorsement of coworker voice was positively related to observers’ voice instrumentality, thus prompting them to engage in approach behaviors (i.e., voice). We also found that managerial endorsement of coworker voice was positively related to observers’ voice threat, triggering avoidant behaviors (i.e., avoidance-oriented counterproductive work behaviors). Further, we found that the avoidant reactions more pronounced for observers with higher (vs. lower) neuroticism. Overall, our research extends theory by demonstrating the rippling effects that voice endorsement can ignite throughout the workgroup.
How Much Information Is Too Much? An Experimental Examination of How Information Disclosures May Unintentionally Encourage the Withholding of Health Information
(Sage, 2024-11) Colby, Helen; Popovich, Deidre; Stovall, Tony; Kelley School of Business - Indianapolis
Introduction Information disclosures are used in medicine to provide patients with relevant information. This research examines whether patients are less likely to discuss medical conditions with their physicians after seeing an insurance information disclosure. Methods Three experimental studies with nonprobability online samples (ntotal = 875 US adult participants) examined the impact of information disclosures on patients’ likelihood of disclosing symptoms to providers, using new symptoms and preexisting chronic conditions. The effects of insurance disclosures were also compared to those of pharmaceutical discount disclosures. Results These studies demonstrate that information disclosures can result in unintended consequences for patients and providers. Results showed that information disclosures about insurance claims significantly negatively affected willingness to discuss health information with providers. This effect was consistent for both new health concerns, b = −0.661, P < 0.001 (study 1, n = 250) and b = −0.893, P < 0.001 (study 3, n = 375), as well as chronic conditions, b = −1.175, P < .001 (study 2, n = 250); all studies were conducted in January 2023. Information provided to patients about pharmaceutical savings did not similarly affect willingness to discuss symptoms with providers. Limitations These were experimental studies with hypothetical scenarios. Future research is needed to understand how patients react to information disclosures in a physician’s office. Future research is also needed to examine the role of specific wording and tone used in information disclosures. Conclusions Prior research has shown that patients prefer more information and to be involved in their medical decisions; however, these studies demonstrate that some information disclosures can discourage full communication between patients and physicians.
How Individuals’ Health and Wealth Are Associated with Their Donation Behavior and Motivations
(Sage, 2024) Konrath, Sara; Handy, Femida; Wright, Scott; Griffith, Kent A.; Jagsi, Reshma; Lilly Family School of Philanthropy
In this article, we examine the differences in charitable donating behaviors among three groups: a nationally representative American sample (N = 513), individuals with an annual household income greater than $250,000 (N = 253), and individuals with significant illness (heart disease or cancer; N = 516). We then use a validated donor motivations scale to examine whether these groups’ reasons for donating money to nonprofits differ. While the extant literature provides information on who is likely to give and under what contexts, it treats donors as a homogenous group, only differentiating them by certain demographic variables. The current study examines two different groups based on two fundamental attributes: wealth and health. We hypothesized that systematic differences in giving behavior and self-reported motivations exist across these groups compared to a nationally representative sample. Instead, we found that only high-income individuals differed in their giving behaviors and motivations. These results show that donor behavior and motivations may depend on their wealth. This research may help fundraisers and development professionals better understand how and why different prospects donate.
State-level variation in Medicaid dental coverage for services beneficial to adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities
(Elsevier, 2024-07) Jones, Dylan; Taylor, Heather L.; Health Policy and Management, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) experience lifelong challenges (usually present at birth), which profoundly affect their physical, intellectual, and emotional development, including their ability to learn, reason, problem solve, and socialize. These adults may face substantial health challenges, particularly in managing their oral health. Due to health obstacles that may include neuromuscular problems, uncontrolled bodily movements, limited mental capabilities, and mobility problems, these adults may struggle to maintain proper oral hygiene and health. These limitations are further amplified by socioeconomic and psychosocial factors that impede optimal oral health, such as financial constraints, communication barriers, dental anxiety, and sensory sensitivities. Ultimately, these compounding issues for adults with IDDs result in a high burden of dental disease, with one-third experiencing untreated caries and more than 80% experiencing periodontal disease.
Women's empowerment and power relations: Evidence from Grameen Bank China
(Elsevier, 2024-03) You, Wenpei; Badertscher, Kathi; Lilly Family School of Philanthropy
Women's empowerment fundamentally shifts power relations, a systematic process of removing deeply embedded unequal power structures. Drawing upon qualitative data from Grameen Bank China (GBC) and an inductive case study, this paper asserts an empowering methodology based on preconditions for membership and three mechanisms through which traditional gendered hierarchical power relations shift: relational justice, self-governance, and repetitive praxis. Women's empowerment, to achieve equal and shared relationships, is neither imposed on women nor naturally occurring among poor rural Chinese women. The findings suggest a development intervention and the crucial front-line worker who facilitates empowerment by “nudging” GBC women borrowers to empower themselves.
Trust Your Gut: Comparing Human and Machine Inference from Noisy Visualizations
(IEEE, 2025) Koonchanok, Ratanond; Papka, Michael E.; Reda, Khairi; Computer Science, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering
People commonly utilize visualizations not only to examine a given dataset, but also to draw generalizable conclusions about the underlying models or phenomena. Prior research has compared human visual inference to that of an optimal Bayesian agent, with deviations from rational analysis viewed as problematic. However, human reliance on non-normative heuristics may prove advantageous in certain circumstances. We investigate scenarios where human intuition might surpass idealized statistical rationality. In two experiments, we examine individuals' accuracy in characterizing the parameters of known data-generating models from bivariate visualizations. Our findings indicate that, although participants generally exhibited lower accuracy compared to statistical models, they frequently outperformed Bayesian agents, particularly when faced with extreme samples. Participants appeared to rely on their internal models to filter out noisy visualizations, thus improving their resilience against spurious data. However, participants displayed overconfidence and struggled with uncertainty estimation. They also exhibited higher variance than statistical machines. Our findings suggest that analyst gut reactions to visualizations may provide an advantage, even when departing from rationality. These results carry implications for designing visual analytics tools, offering new perspectives on how to integrate statistical models and analyst intuition for improved inference and decision-making. The data and materials for this paper are available at https://osf.io/qmfv6
A Snapshot of Staff Development Preferences of Public Library Workers Post-Pandemic
(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Stroud, Austin; Library and Information Science, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering
Staff development for public library staff is a critical component for all public libraries. In a post COVID-19 world, this study set out to see what the preferences for staff development now look like via a sample of responding Indiana public library workers. A survey was emailed out via the Indiana Public Library Staff List-serv run by the Indiana State Library, and the results can be helpful to public library staff members. Results show that public library staff members are not eager to return to face-to-face training, which is interesting to compare to preferences in prior literature pre-COVID-19. Results are broken down by library size, age range, and job title, but also how staff hear about opportunities, and the frequency of such training.Takeaways give guidance and recommendations on how to best structure staff development programs going forward.

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