Anthropology Works

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    "With manly courage”: Reading the construction of gender in a nineteenth-century religious community
    (The University of Arizona Press, 1994) Kryder-Reid, Elizabeth
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    The politics of Cape Verdean American identity
    (1997-01) Gibau, Gina Sanchez
    In the United States, the idea of having a "choice" in the construction of identity is made problematic by the social constraints under which racial and ethnic minority groups live. One such constraint is the system of social classification that has historically polarized U.S. citizens and residents into aggregates of "Black" or "White," and more recently "White" and "non-White," through the hegemonic discourse of racial ascription. This discourse underlies the process of racialization whereby intragroup cultural differences are homogenized under the rubric of race. This phenomenon is most apparent in the contemporary ordering of Blacks, Latinos, Asian Americans and Native Americans into culturally homogenized groups through the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Although the U.S. system of racial classification has become less static over time, the federal government continues to officially classify persons according to race and ethnicity. The following essay explores the impact of self-identification and outside ascription on Cape Verdean American identity formation, which can be interpreted as Diasporic and transnational in nature. Specifically, I am interested in the ways in which Cape Verdean Americans, especially those of second and third generation, construct themselves as members of both the Cape Verdean and African American communities of the United States. This construction of what I and others have called "Cape Verdeanness" is manifested in a range of experiences and practices that embody the historical memory, politics and everyday, lived experiences of this racial/ethnic group.
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    Racializing the Commonplace Landscape: An Archaeology of Urban Renewal Along the Color Line
    (2006) Mullins, Paul R.
    In the 1960’s Indianapolis, Indiana’s near-Westside was transformed by urban renewal projects that carved space for the Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus out of a predominately African-American neighborhood. Within two decades that longstanding community was totally displaced, and today the former neighborhood covering 300 acres is completely effaced and the community is largely forgotten. This paper examines how archaeology on the University campus provides a mechanism to illuminate the processes that remade the near-Westside. Archaeological research conducted along with the displaced community and its descendants provides a powerful tool to rethink the otherwise prosaic campus landscape as a space shaped by racial and class privilege.
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    Sites of Power and the Power of Sight: Vision in the California Mission Landscapes
    (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2007) Kryder-Reid, Elizabeth
    The relationships of sight and power in the landscapes in California missions are explored in this study of three periods of mission history – the sites’ origins as the locus of colonial encounters between Spanish Franciscans and the Indigenous peoples of California, their later re- invention as public sites with “California mission gardens,” and contemporary tourist destinations. While seemingly disparate settings, this paper argues that the imposition of western power on Native peoples and the creation of romanticized oases in tourist destinations are parallel in a number of respects, particularly in the control of vision. The paper also explores diverse perspectives on this view of the land by examining indigenous ideologies of landscape and local expressions of meaning within garden design.
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    Excavating America's Metaphor: Race, Diaspora, and Vindictationist Archaeologies
    (2008) Mullins, Paul R.
    Over more than a century African diasporan scholars have defined identity in complex forms that aspire to resist racial essentialism yet stake consequential political claims to collective roots. Historical archaeology has painted a rich picture of the material details of African American life that also refutes black essentialism, but archaeologists have crafted many utterly fluid African diasporan identities that sometimes fail to examine the global connections, anti-racist citizen rights, and concrete cultural heritage long examined by diasporan scholars. An empirically and politically rigorous African diasporan archaeology would be significantly extended by diasporan scholarship’s vindicationist and reflective anti-racist perspectives. Such an archaeology could disrupt essentialist categories and outline concrete foundations for diasporan identity without lapsing into either particularism or hyper-constructivism.
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    Cape Verdean diasporic identity formation
    (2008) Gibau, Gina Sanchez
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    Diversifying biomedical training: A synergistic intervention
    (2010) Gibau, Gina Sanchez; Foertsch, Julie; Blum, Janice; Brutkiewicz, Randy; Queener, Sherry; Roman, Ann; Rhodes, Simon; Sturek, Michael; Wilkes, David; Broxmeyer, Hal
    For over three decades, the scientific community has expressed concern over the paucity of African American, Latino and Native American researchers in the biomedical training pipeline. Concern has been expressed regarding what is forecasted as a shortage of these underrepresented minority (URM) scientists given the demographic shifts occurring worldwide and particularly in the United States. Increased access to graduate education has made a positive contribution in addressing this disparity. This article describes the multiple pathway approaches that have been employed by a school of medicine at an urban Midwest research institution to increase the number of URM students enrolled in, and graduating from, doctoral programs within basic science departments, through the combination of R25 grants and other grant programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This article outlines the process of implementing a strong synergistic approach to the training of URM students through linkages between the NIH-funded "Bridges to the Doctorate (BRIDGES)" and "Initiative for Maximizing Graduate Student Diversity (IMGSD)" programs. The article documents the specific gains witnessed by this particular institution and identifies key components of the interventions that may prove useful for institutions seeking to increment the biomedical pipeline with scientists from diverse backgrounds.