Neurocognitive manifestation after treatment of pediatric severe anaphylaxis

Abstract

Background: Anaphylaxis is a common, severe, and life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs rapidly after exposure to an allergen which can affect multiple systems in the body. In rare cases, it may lead to additional neurological manifestations that are poorly understood.

Case presentation: We present a case of a 14-year-old boy who experienced severe anaphylaxis necessitating airway intervention and admission to critical care. While his initial presentation and treatment aligned with current standards, he subsequently developed prolonged neurological deficits, including weakness, prosopagnosia, amnesia, and loss of basic functions, during an extended recovery period.

Conclusion: This rare neurological manifestation following anaphylaxis may be overlooked by many clinicians. Therefore, it is imperative to highlight this potential complication to improve the management of patients experiencing anaphylaxis.