Confounding factors of Alzheimer’s disease plasma biomarkers and their impact on clinical performance

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Date
2023
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American English
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Wiley
Abstract

Introduction: Plasma biomarkers will likely revolutionize the diagnostic work-up of Alzheimer's disease (AD) globally. Before widespread use, we need to determine if confounding factors affect the levels of these biomarkers, and their clinical utility.

Methods: Participants with plasma and CSF biomarkers, creatinine, body mass index (BMI), and medical history data were included (BioFINDER-1: n = 748, BioFINDER-2: n = 421). We measured beta-amyloid (Aβ42, Aβ40), phosphorylated tau (p-tau217, p-tau181), neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).

Results: In both cohorts, creatinine and BMI were the main factors associated with NfL, GFAP, and to a lesser extent with p-tau. However, adjustment for BMI and creatinine had only minor effects in models predicting either the corresponding levels in CSF or subsequent development of dementia.

Discussion: Creatinine and BMI are related to certain plasma biomarkers levels, but they do not have clinically relevant confounding effects for the vast majority of individuals.

Highlights: Creatinine and body mass index (BMI) are related to certain plasma biomarker levels. Adjusting for creatinine and BMI has minor influence on plasma-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associations. Adjusting for creatinine and BMI has minor influence on prediction of dementia using plasma biomarkers.

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Pichet Binette A, Janelidze S, Cullen N, et al. Confounding factors of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers and their impact on clinical performance. Alzheimers Dement. 2023;19(4):1403-1414. doi:10.1002/alz.12787
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Alzheimer's & Dementia
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PMC
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