Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: A review of pathogenic mechanisms and novel targets for mitigation

Date
2023-01-30
Language
American English
Embargo Lift Date
Committee Members
Degree
Degree Year
Department
Grantor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Found At
Elsevier
Abstract

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) develops secondary to a joint injury and accounts for 12 % of all osteoarthritis. These injuries, often of the lower extremity joints, occur due to trauma or accidents related to athletic or military activities. They primarily affect younger individuals although PTOA can occur across the spectrum of age. Pain and functional disability caused by PTOA confer a heavy economic toll on patients, in addition to detrimentally affecting their quality of life. Both high energy injuries that cause articular surface fracture with or without subchondral bone disruption and low-energy injuries involving joint dislocations or ligamentous injury cause PTOA, albeit through different mechanisms. Regardless, chondrocyte death, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species production, subchondral bone remodeling, inflammation and cytokine release in the cartilage and synovium play integral roles in the pathogenesis of PTOA. Evolving surgical methods are focused on stabilizing articular surface and joint structure congruity. However, to date there are no disease modifying medical therapies against PTOA. Increased recent understanding of the pathogenesis of the subchondral bone and synovial inflammation as well as that of chondrocyte mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis have led to the investigation of new therapeutics targeting these mechanisms to prevent or delay PTOA. This review discusses new advances in our understanding of cellular mechanisms underlying PTOA, and therapeutic approaches that are potentially effective in reducing the self-propagating cycle of subchondral bone alterations, inflammation, and cartilage degradation. Within this context, we focus therapeutic options involving anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic candidates that could prevent PTOA.

Description
item.page.description.tableofcontents
item.page.relation.haspart
Cite As
Dilley JE, Bello MA, Roman N, McKinley T, Sankar U. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: A review of pathogenic mechanisms and novel targets for mitigation. Bone Rep. 2023;18:101658. Published 2023 Jan 30. doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101658
ISSN
Publisher
Series/Report
Sponsorship
Major
Extent
Identifier
Relation
Journal
Bone Reports
Source
PMC
Alternative Title
Type
Article
Number
Volume
Conference Dates
Conference Host
Conference Location
Conference Name
Conference Panel
Conference Secretariat Location
Version
Final published version
Full Text Available at
This item is under embargo {{howLong}}