Casual observation

Abstract

Pulmonary carcinoid tumors are a rare form of lung cancer subdivided into typical and atypical variants. Long-term outcomes after surgical resection are excellent, with 5-year survival rates approaching 85% even among patients with N2 lymph node involvement. Surgical resection of carcinoids remains the standard of care. However, in patients with diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH), a condition characterized by the presence of innumerable small pulmonary carcinoids, observing small carcinoids may be acceptable.