Isoniazid preventive therapy and tuberculosis transcriptional signatures in people with HIV

dc.contributor.authorValinetz, Ethan D.
dc.contributor.authorMatemo, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorGersh, Jill K.
dc.contributor.authorJoudeh, Lara L.
dc.contributor.authorMendelsohn, Simon C.
dc.contributor.authorScriba, Thomas J.
dc.contributor.authorHatherill, Mark
dc.contributor.authorKinuthia, John
dc.contributor.authorWald, Anna
dc.contributor.authorCangelosi, Gerard A.
dc.contributor.authorBarnabas, Ruanne V.
dc.contributor.authorHawn, Thomas R.
dc.contributor.authorHorne, David J.
dc.contributor.departmentMedicine, School of Medicine
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-01T12:24:09Z
dc.date.available2024-03-01T12:24:09Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To examine the association between isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) or nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) sputum culture positivity and tuberculosis (TB) transcriptional signatures in people with HIV. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We enrolled adults living with HIV who were IPT-naive or had completed IPT more than 6 months prior at HIV care clinics in western Kenya. We calculated TB signatures using gene expression data from qRT-PCR. We used multivariable linear regression to analyze the association between prior receipt of IPT or NTM sputum culture positivity with a transcriptional TB risk score, RISK6 (range 0-1). In secondary analyses, we explored the association between IPT or NTM positivity and four other TB transcriptional signatures. Results: Among 381 participants, 99.7% were receiving antiretroviral therapy and 86.6% had received IPT (completed median of 1.1 years prior). RISK6 scores were lower (mean difference 0.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06-0.15; P < 0.001) among participants who received IPT than those who did not. In a model that adjusted for age, sex, duration of ART, and plasma HIV RNA, the RISK6 score was 52.8% lower in those with a history of IPT ( P < 0.001). No significant association between year of IPT receipt and RISK6 scores was detected. There was no association between NTM sputum culture positivity and RISK6 scores. Conclusion: In people with HIV, IPT was associated with significantly lower RISK6 scores compared with persons who did not receive IPT. These data support investigations of its performance as a TB preventive therapy response biomarker.
dc.eprint.versionAuthor's manuscript
dc.identifier.citationValinetz ED, Matemo D, Gersh JK, et al. Isoniazid preventive therapy and tuberculosis transcriptional signatures in people with HIV. AIDS. 2022;36(10):1363-1371. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000003262
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1805/38991
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWolters Kluwer
dc.relation.isversionof10.1097/QAD.0000000000003262
dc.relation.journalAIDS
dc.rightsPublisher Policy
dc.sourcePMC
dc.subjectLatent tuberculosis infection
dc.subjectTranscriptome
dc.subjectGene expression profiling
dc.subjectHIV infection
dc.subjectAntitubercular agents
dc.subjectNon-tuberculous mycobacteria
dc.titleIsoniazid preventive therapy and tuberculosis transcriptional signatures in people with HIV
dc.typeArticle
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