Chlorpyrifos Oxon Primes Microglia: Enhanced LPS-Induced TNFα Production

dc.contributor.authorKouame, Elaine
dc.contributor.authorBrookins, Savannah
dc.contributor.authorJayaraj, Richard L.
dc.contributor.authorTaetzsch, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorMumaw, Christy
dc.contributor.authorBlock, Michelle L.
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-24T19:38:51Z
dc.date.available2016-06-24T19:38:51Z
dc.date.issued2016-04-08
dc.descriptionposter abstracten_US
dc.description.abstractMicroglia, the resident innate immune cells of the brain, respond to various environmental stimuli, including factors from surrounding tissue and from systemic inputs. These stimuli impact microglial function in both health and disease. Increasing evidence implicates microglia and neuroinflammation in Gulf War illness (GWI) pathology. Gulf War illness is an untreatable chronic multi symptomatic disorder that affects about 30% of Gulf War veterans. It has been proposed that “multiple hits” from exposure to various environmental neurotoxicants such as Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate pesticide, combined with low inflammation may initiate exaggerated and persistent central nervous system (CNS) pathology to drive GWI. CPF oxon, an active metabolite of CPF, is associated with deleterious CNS effects, but the role of microglia behind this phenomenon is not fully understood.To investigate the effects of CPF oxon on microglia, we assessed microglial ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokine factors, and NF-κB p50 DNA binding activity in the presence of CPF oxon. HAPI microglia cells were treated with CPF oxon (1μM-1nM), which resulted in a dose dependent increase in H2O2 production at 3 hours and elevated superoxide at 30 minutes. CPF oxon failed to initiate TNFα and nitric oxide from microglia cultures. However, CPF oxon significantly decreased NF-κB p50 binding to DNA in microglia, a key redox signaling mechanism linked to microglial priming. Consistent with this premise, pre-treatment with CPF oxon (0.5μM) amplified LPSinduced TNFα production in microglia and neuron-glia cultures. Moreover, when CPF oxon and LPS challenged cells were pre-treated with DPI, a NOX2 inhibitor, we found a significant reduction in TNFα response when compared to non-treated cells, supporting that NOX2 may regulate CPF oxon priming in microglia. These data suggest that CPF oxon may induce ROS production in microglia to reprogram these cells to become more sensitive to pro-inflammatory stimuli (priming).en_US
dc.identifier.citation1Elaine Kouame, Savannah Brookins, Richard L Jayaraj, Thomas Taetzsch, Christy Mumaw, and Michelle L. Block. 2016, April 8. Chlorpyrifos Oxon Primes Microglia: Enhanced LPS-Induced TNFα Production. Poster session presented at IUPUI Research Day 2016, Indianapolis, Indiana.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1805/10174
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherOffice of the Vice Chancellor for Researchen_US
dc.subjectMicrogliaen_US
dc.subjectimmune cellsen_US
dc.subjectbrainen_US
dc.subjectmicrogliaen_US
dc.subjectneuroinflammationen_US
dc.subjectTNFα Productionen_US
dc.titleChlorpyrifos Oxon Primes Microglia: Enhanced LPS-Induced TNFα Productionen_US
dc.typePosteren_US
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