Effects of Raloxifene and tibial loading on bone mass and mechanics in male and female mice

dc.contributor.authorBerman, Alycia G.
dc.contributor.authorDamrath, John G.
dc.contributor.authorHatch, Jennifer
dc.contributor.authorPulliam, Alexis N.
dc.contributor.authorPowell, Katherine M.
dc.contributor.authorHinton, Madicyn
dc.contributor.authorWallace, Joseph M.
dc.contributor.departmentBiomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-18T09:29:00Z
dc.date.available2024-03-18T09:29:00Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractRaloxifene (RAL) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that has previously been shown to cause acellular benefits to bone tissue. Due to these improvements, RAL was combined with targeted tibial loading to assess if RAL treatment during periods of active bone formation would allow for further mechanical enhancements. To do so, structural, mechanical, and microstructural effects were assessed in bone from C57BL/6 mice that were treated with RAL (0.5 mg/kg), tibial loading, or both for 6 weeks, beginning at 10 weeks of age. Ex vivo microcomputed tomography (CT) images indicated RAL and loading work together to improve bone mass and architecture, especially within the cancellous region of males. Increases in cancellous bone volume fraction were heavily driven by increases in trabecular thickness, though there were some effects on trabecular spacing and number. In the cortical regions, RAL and loading both increased cross-sectional area, cortical area, and cortical thickness. Whole-bone mechanical testing primarily indicated effects of loading. Further characterization through Raman spectroscopy and nanoindentation showed load-based changes in mineralization and micromechanics, while both loading and RAL caused changes in the secondary collagen structure. In contrast to males, in females, there were large load-based effects in the cancellous and cortical regions, resulting in increased whole-bone mechanical properties. RAL had less of an effect on cancellous and cortical architecture, though some effects were still present. In conclusion, RAL and loading work together to impact bone architecture and mechanical integrity, leading to greater improvements than either treatment individually.
dc.eprint.versionAuthor's manuscript
dc.identifier.citationBerman AG, Damrath JG, Hatch J, et al. Effects of Raloxifene and tibial loading on bone mass and mechanics in male and female mice. Connect Tissue Res. 2022;63(1):3-15. doi:10.1080/03008207.2020.1865938
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1805/39302
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis
dc.relation.isversionof10.1080/03008207.2020.1865938
dc.relation.journalConnective Tissue Research
dc.rightsPublisher Policy
dc.sourcePMC
dc.subjectAxial compression
dc.subjectComputed tomography
dc.subjectMechanical
dc.subjectStrength
dc.subjectRaman spectroscopy
dc.subjectNanoindentation
dc.titleEffects of Raloxifene and tibial loading on bone mass and mechanics in male and female mice
dc.typeArticle
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