Type IV Duane Syndrome
| dc.contributor.author | Schliesser, Joshua A. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Sprunger, Derek T. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Helveston, Eugene M. | |
| dc.contributor.department | Department of Ophthalmology, IU School of Medicine | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-06-21T17:12:45Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-06-21T17:12:45Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016-08 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Purpose To identify cases of synergistic divergence whose characteristics suggest that this entity is a form of Duane syndrome. Methods The records of all patients with a Duane syndrome diagnosis, including standardized eye position photographs, from the E-Consultation program of Cybersight, Orbis International were analyzed. Results A total of 350 Duane syndrome cases were identified. Of these, 19 (5%) had features consistent with synergistic divergence, or type 4 Duane syndrome. Of the 19, 16 (84%) were male, 15 (79%) had palpebral fissure narrowing, all had anomalous head posture, and 18 (95%) were exotropic. Only 9 (47%) patients were reported to have undergone surgery. Conclusions Synergistic divergence is a rare entity with features similar to those of Duane syndrome. We suggest that this entity be classified as type 4 Duane syndrome, because it has unique findings and an innervation pattern that differs from the other 3 recognized types. | en_US |
| dc.eprint.version | Author's manuscript | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | Schliesser, J. A., Sprunger, D. T., & Helveston, E. M. (2016). Type 4 Duane syndrome. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 20(4), 301–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2016.05.012 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/1805/13142 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Elsevier | en_US |
| dc.relation.isversionof | 10.1016/j.jaapos.2016.05.012 | en_US |
| dc.relation.journal | Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus | en_US |
| dc.rights | Publisher Policy | en_US |
| dc.source | Author | en_US |
| dc.subject | Duane Syndrome | en_US |
| dc.subject | synergistic divergence | en_US |
| dc.title | Type IV Duane Syndrome | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |