Use of Medications for Treating Anxiety or Depression among Testicular Cancer Survivors: A Multi-Institutional Study

Abstract

Background: This study examined sociodemographic factors, cisplatin-related adverse health outcomes (AHO), and cumulative burden of morbidity (CBMPt) scores associated with medication use for anxiety and/or depression in testicular cancer survivors (TCS). Methods: A total of 1,802 TCS who completed cisplatin-based chemotherapy ≥12 months previously completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographic features and cisplatin-related AHOs [hearing impairment, tinnitus, peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN), and kidney disease]. A CBMPt score encompassed the number and severity of cisplatin-related AHOs. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the relationship of individual AHOs and CBMPt with medication use for anxiety and/or depression. Results: A total of 151 TCS (8.4%) used medications for anxiety and/or depression. No cisplatin-related AHOs were reported by 511 (28.4%) participants, whereas 622 (34.5%), 334 (18.5%), 287 (15.9%), and 48 (2.7%), respectively, had very low, low, medium, and high CBMPt scores. In the multivariable model, higher CBMPt scores were significantly associated with medication use for anxiety and/or depression (P < 0.0001). In addition, tinnitus (P = 0.0009), PSN (P = 0.02), and having health insurance (P = 0.05) were significantly associated with greater use of these medications, whereas being employed (P = 0.0005) and vigorous physical activity (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with diminished use. Conclusions: TCS with higher CBMPt scores had a higher probability of using medications for anxiety and/or depression, and conversely, those who were employed and physically active tended to have reduced use of these medications. Impact: Healthcare providers should encourage TCS to increase physical activity to improve both physical and mental health. Rehabilitation programs should assess work-related skills and provide career development counseling/training.