Mood Disorder Episodes & Diagnosis in Different Settings: What Can We Learn?

Abstract

Objective: Over the past two decades in proportion of costs of mood disorders among children paid for by government insurance programs has increased substantially. The objective of this study is to gain a more in-depth understanding of patterns of mood disorder diagnosis (MDOD) among enrollees in the Alabama Children’s Health Insurance Program, ALL Kids.

Method: A retrospective study using claims data from ALL Kids from 2008-2014 was conducted. The proportion of ‘initial’ MDOD incidents occurring in different care settings (inpatient/ED, physician’s office, outpatient), and the predictors of these incidents, were investigated. Patterns of repeated MDOD inpatient/ED incidents were examined.

Results: Multinomial logistic regression results show black enrollees have higher relative risk ratios (RRR) of having a MDOD in inpatient/ED setting (RRR: 1.52, p< 0.01), as do Hispanics (RRR: 1.30, p< 0.01). Enrollees who receive the initial diagnosis in an inpatient/ED setting are at high risk of subsequent MDOD incidents in an inpatient setting/ED. There is no significant racial or ethnic difference in the subsequent number of inpatient/ED visits conditional on the location of the initial diagnosis.

Conclusions: The pattern of repeated MDOD incidents in inpatient/ED settings may be indicative of acuity of conditions, lack of access to alternate sources of care for mood disorders, or poor adherence to treatment and inadequate home care. Enrollees who do have such an incident may be strong candidates for case management, potentially improving enrollee outcomes as well as reducing program costs by averting avoidable inpatient/ED MDOD incidents.