Extended Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Preterm Infants Increases Lung Growth at 6 Months: A Randomized Controlled Trial
dc.contributor.author | McEvoy, Cindy T. | |
dc.contributor.author | MacDonald, Kelvin D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Go, Mitzi A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Milner, Kristin | |
dc.contributor.author | Harris, Julia | |
dc.contributor.author | Schilling, Diane | |
dc.contributor.author | Olson, Matthew | |
dc.contributor.author | Tiller, Christina | |
dc.contributor.author | Slaven, James E. | |
dc.contributor.author | Bjerregaard, Jeffrey | |
dc.contributor.author | Vu, Annette | |
dc.contributor.author | Martin, Alec | |
dc.contributor.author | Mamidi, Rachna | |
dc.contributor.author | Schelonka, Robert L. | |
dc.contributor.author | Morris, Cynthia D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Tepper, Robert S. | |
dc.contributor.department | Pediatrics, School of Medicine | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-05-15T13:06:22Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-05-15T13:06:22Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
dc.description.abstract | Rationale: Extended continuous positive airway pressure (eCPAP) in the neonatal ICU (NICU) for stable preterm infants increases lung volumes. Its effect on lung growth after discharge is unknown. Objectives: To assess whether 2 weeks of eCPAP in stable preterm infants is associated with increased alveolar volume (Va) at 6 months corrected age. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Oregon Health & Science University. Outpatient assessors were unaware of treatment assignment. One hundred infants were randomized to eCPAP versus CPAP discontinuation (dCPAP) to room air. Measurements and Main Results: The primary outcome was Va by the single breath hold technique at 6 months corrected age. Secondary outcomes included DlCO and forced expiratory flows (FEFs). FRC was measured in the NICU. Infants randomized to eCPAP (n = 54) versus dCPAP (n = 46) had the following measurements shown as adjusted mean (SE): Va (500.2 [24.9] vs. 418.1 [23.4] ml; adjusted mean difference, 82.1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.3-155.9]; P = 0.033); DlCO (3.4 [0.2] vs. 2.8 [0.1] ml/min/mm Hg; adjusted mean difference, 0.6 [95% CI, 0.1-1.1]; P = 0.018); measurement of FEF at 50% of the expired volume (500.6 [18.2] vs. 437.9 [17.9] ml/s; adjusted mean difference, 62.7 [95% CI, 4.5-121.0]; P = 0.039); FEF between 25% and 75% of expired volume (452.0 [17.4] vs. 394.4 [17.4] ml/s; adjusted mean difference, 57.5 [95% CI, 1.3-113.8]; P = 0.046). Conclusions: Infants randomized to eCPAP versus dCPAP had significantly increased Va at 6 months corrected age. DlCO and FEFs were also increased. Extending CPAP in stable preterm infants in the NICU may be a nonpharmacologic and safe therapy to promote lung growth. | |
dc.eprint.version | Final published version | |
dc.identifier.citation | McEvoy CT, MacDonald KD, Go MA, et al. Extended Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Preterm Infants Increases Lung Growth at 6 Months: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025;211(4):610-618. doi:10.1164/rccm.202411-2169OC | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/1805/48160 | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.publisher | American Thoracic Society | |
dc.relation.isversionof | 10.1164/rccm.202411-2169OC | |
dc.relation.journal | American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International | en |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.source | PMC | |
dc.subject | Nasal continuous positive airway pressure | |
dc.subject | Preterm infants | |
dc.subject | Alveolar volume | |
dc.subject | Lung diffusion capacity | |
dc.subject | Airway function | |
dc.title | Extended Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Preterm Infants Increases Lung Growth at 6 Months: A Randomized Controlled Trial | |
dc.type | Article |