Comparison of methods of providing analgesia after pancreas transplant: IV opioid analgesia versus transversus abdominis plane block with liposomal bupivacaine or continuous catheter infusion

Abstract

Background Current practices emphasize a multimodal approach to perioperative analgesia due to higher efficacy and decreased opioid usage. Analgesia for pancreas transplant (PT) has traditionally been managed with intravenous (IV) opioids, and reports of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks are limited in this population. Methods Three interventions were compared in adult PT patients, including IV opioids, TAP catheter, and TAP block with liposomal bupivacaine. Time to return of intestinal function and oral diet, postoperative pain scores, opioid usage, and length of stay were recorded. Results Study included 197 PT patients: 62 (32%) standard care, 90 (45%) TAP catheters with continuous 0.2% ropivacaine, and 45 (23%) single liposomal bupivacaine TAP block. Pain scores were lowest for the IV opioid group (P < 0.001). The liposomal bupivacaine group had lower pain scores on postoperative days (POD) 1‐5 than the TAP catheter group. Opioid use during POD 1‐5 was lower for both TAP block groups (P = 0.03). Time to bowel function was faster for the TAP block groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions Compared with IV opioid analgesia, TAP block interventions were associated with lower overall use of opioids and a faster time to intestinal function following pancreas transplant.