Integrative Review of the Knowledge, Barriers, and Facilitators of HPV Vaccination Among Latinx Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in the United States

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: One subgroup of Latinx populations whose healthcare needs must not be ignored is migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFW) and their families. They face compounded political, social, and personal contexts which complicate healthcare access. Occupational carcinogen exposure increases MSFW’s risk of certain cancers, including cervical cancer. Although the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine prevents HPV infections and cancers, uptake among Hispanic adolescents remains suboptimal. Therefore, it is important to understand Latinx MSFW’s knowledge of HPV, barriers to, and facilitators of vaccination so culturally appropriate measures can bolster HPV vaccination. METHODS: Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using key search terms. Results were evaluated for compatibility with inclusion/exclusion criteria, and selected articles were coded and evaluated via thematic analysis. RESULTS: Six studies of various designs were ultimately included in the review. While some Latinx MSFW have baseline knowledge about HPV and the vaccine, knowledge gaps remain. Participants expressed curiosity about how the vaccine works, contents, side effects, dosing, recommended age, and information about diseases it prevents. Although additional education and Latinx MSFW’s receptiveness to provider’s recommendations were cited as major facilitators, many barriers must be addressed. CONCLUSION: Providers must leverage Latinx MSWF’s existing knowledge, provide education, and facilitate vaccination to protect farmworker families from HPV and related cancers. It must become standard practice for providers to recommend the HPV vaccine to MSFW, who are receptive to this conversation. Increasing vaccination can decrease the disproportionate burden of HPV-related cancers on Latinx patients and facilitate access to healthcare services.