Massive acetaminophen ingestion managed successfully with N-acetylcysteine, fomepizole, and renal replacement therapy

dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Elizabeth E.
dc.contributor.authorQuach, Duc
dc.contributor.authorDaigh, Arthur
dc.contributor.departmentGraduate Medical Education, School of Medicine
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-24T10:17:05Z
dc.date.available2024-06-24T10:17:05Z
dc.date.issued2024-03-02
dc.description.abstractAcetaminophen ingestion is routinely managed with the antidote, N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Massive acetaminophen poisoning has been treated successfully with adjunctive therapies such as fomepizole and hemodialysis. Fomepizole functions by inhibiting cytochrome p560, which prevents tylenol from forming its toxic metabolite, NAPQI. Prior cases have demonstrated favorable outcomes and a significant drop in acetaminophen levels after a single session of intermittent hemodialysis and continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). However, the recommended dosage adjustments of NAC and fomepizole while a patient is undergoing CVVH has not been well reported. We present a case of an 18-year-old male who presented after ingesting 125 g of tylenol. His 4-hour acetaminophen level was 738.6 µg/mL. He was treated with NAC, fomepizole, and a single 4-hour session of hemodialysis. His acetaminophen level remained elevated at 730 µg/mL despite the hemodialysis session. CVVH was initiated, and he was given intravenous NAC at 12.5 mg/kg/h, oral NAC at 70 mg/kg every 4 hours, and intravenous fomepizole at 10 mg/kg every 6 hours. His tylenol levels became undetectable 57 hours after ingestion, and he did not develop permanent liver toxicity. This case encourages the use of CVVH for massive tylenol ingestion when a single run of intermittent hemodialysis is not effective in lowering the tylenol level. NAC, fomepizole, and CVVH can prevent unfavorable outcomes in massive acetaminophen ingestion when provided at an appropriate dose and frequency.
dc.eprint.versionFinal published version
dc.identifier.citationWilliams EE, Quach D, Daigh A. Massive acetaminophen ingestion managed successfully with N-acetylcysteine, fomepizole, and renal replacement therapy. Clin Nephrol Case Stud. 2024;12:22-25. Published 2024 Mar 2. doi:10.5414/CNCS111275
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1805/41786
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherDustri-Verlag
dc.relation.isversionof10.5414/CNCS111275
dc.relation.journalClinical Nephrology – Case Studies
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourcePMC
dc.subjectAcetaminophen
dc.subjectN-acetylcysteine
dc.subjectFomepizole
dc.subjectDialysis
dc.titleMassive acetaminophen ingestion managed successfully with N-acetylcysteine, fomepizole, and renal replacement therapy
dc.typeArticle
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