School of Liberal Arts

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    100 Things Poster Activity
    (http://www.iupui.edu/~geni/lesson_plans.html, 2004) Lord, Robert
    Instructions: A. When you identify each item in the picture, classify that item into one of three groups (a) raw materials (b) processed products or (c) wildlife. B. On lined paper draw three columns and use the headings above- (a), (b) & (c). Write the name of each item taken from the list on the poster and place it in the correct column on your writing paper. C. Take your world map and place a colored dot for the location of each product e.g. blue = raw materials, red = processed products, and green = wildlife. If a continent’s name is given, place the colored dot in the centre of that continent. If you are given a country, then place the dot in the centre of that country.
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    13 Things Your Mail Carrier Won't Tell You
    (Booth: A Journal, 2016-01-22) Layden, Sarah
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    A National Survey of Obstetrician/Gynecologists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Adult Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
    (Mary Ann Liebert, 2021) Kasting, Monica L.; Head, Katharine J.; DeMaria, Andrea L.; Neuman, Monica K.; Russell, Allissa L.; Robertson, Sharon E.; Rouse, Caroline E.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Communication Studies, School of Liberal Arts
    Background: Many women see an obstetrician/gynecologist (OB/GYN) annually and receive their primary care from an OB/GYN. Understanding OB/GYNs' human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination practices, including knowledge of and barriers to vaccination, is essential to design effective interventions to increase vaccination. This study evaluated OB/GYN knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding vaccinating both younger (18-26 years) and mid-adult (27-45 years) women. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from OB/GYN providers in October 2019 through a nationwide web-based survey. Items included the following: HPV-related vaccination practices, recommendation strength, knowledge (seven items), benefits (four items), and barriers (eight items). Results: The sample (n = 224) was majority were White (69%), men (56%), and practice in suburban clinics (55%). Most (84%) reported they usually or always recommend HPV vaccine to eligible patients, but estimated only about half (51%) of other OB/GYNs did the same. Recommendation strength varied by patient age with 84% strongly recommending it to patients ≤18 years, compared with 79% and 25% strongly recommending to younger and mid-adult patients, respectively (p < 0.01). Participants reported lower benefits (p = 0.007) and higher barriers (p < 0.001) for 27- to 45-year-old patients compared with younger patients. Cost was the most frequently reported barrier, regardless of patient age. Overall knowledge was high (m = 5.2/7) but 33% of participants did not know the vaccine was safe while breastfeeding. Conclusions: Although providers reported strongly and consistently recommending the HPV vaccination to their adult patients, there were gaps in knowledge and attitudinal barriers that need to be addressed. Provider performance feedback may be important in improving HPV vaccination awareness among providers.
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    A Peircean Approach to the Umwelt
    (UNIL, 2022) De Tienne, André; Philosophy, School of Liberal Arts
    The concept of Umwelt has become so significant in biosemiotics that one may wonder whether Peirce could conceivably have missed it within the broader logical and metaphysical context of his realist pragmaticist semiotic theory. This brief paper suggests that far from having missed it, Peirce tackled it front and center at a most fundamental level.
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    A Treatise by Founder of Scientific Surgery, John Hunter
    (2023) Quick, Sophie
    This essay was written for the course HIST H364/H546: The History of Medicine and Public Health. Instructor: Elizabeth Nelson, School of Liberal Arts, Indiana University, Indianapolis.
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    Absolute Location Using GPS Technology
    (http://www.iupui.edu/~geni/lesson_plans.html, 2002-06) Tholin, Kevin
    Purpose/rationale: Students need to be aware of the grid system and GPS technology to function successfully in today’s information-based economy.
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    Accelerometer and GPS Analysis of Trail Use and Associations With Physical Activity
    (Human Kinetics, 2018-07) Tamura, Kosuke; Wilson, Jeffrey S.; Puett, Robin C.; Klenosky, David B.; Harper, William A.; Troped, Philip J.; Geography, School of Liberal Arts
    Background: Concurrent use of accelerometers and global positioning system (GPS) data can be used to quantify physical activity (PA) occurring on trails. This study examined associations of trail use with PA and sedentary behavior (SB) and quantified on trail PA using a combination of accelerometer and GPS data. Methods: Adults (N = 142) wore accelerometer and GPS units for 1–4 days. Trail use was defined as a minimum of 2 consecutive minutes occurring on a trail, based on GPS data. We examined associations between trail use and PA and SB. On trail minutes of light-intensity, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity PA, and SB were quantified in 2 ways, using accelerometer counts only and with a combination of GPS speed and accelerometer data. Results: Trail use was positively associated with total PA, moderate-intensity PA, and light-intensity PA (P < .05). On trail vigorous-intensity PA minutes were 346% higher when classified with the combination versus accelerometer only. Light-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA, and SB minutes were 15%, 91%, and 85% lower with the combination, respectively. Conclusions: Adult trail users accumulated more PA on trail use days than on nontrail use days, indicating the importance of these facilities for supporting regular PA. The combination of GPS and accelerometer data for quantifying on trail activity may be more accurate than accelerometer data alone and is useful for classifying intensity of activities such as bicycling.
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    Accelerometer and GPS Data to Analyze Built Environments and Physical Activity
    (Taylor & Francis, 2019-09) Tamura, Kosuke; Wilson, Jeffrey S.; Goldfeld, Keith; Puett, Robin C.; Klenosky, David B.; Harper, William A.; Troped, Philip J.; Geography, School of Liberal Arts
    Purpose: Most built environment studies have quantified characteristics of the areas around participants' homes. However, the environmental exposures for physical activity (PA) are spatially dynamic rather than static. Thus, merged accelerometer and global positioning system (GPS) data were utilized to estimate associations between the built environment and PA among adults. Methods: Participants (N = 142) were recruited on trails in Massachusetts and wore an accelerometer and GPS unit for 1-4 days. Two binary outcomes were created: moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA vs. light PA-to-sedentary); and light-to-vigorous PA (LVPA vs. sedentary). Five built environment variables were created within 50-meter buffers around GPS points: population density, street density, land use mix (LUM), greenness, and walkability index. Generalized linear mixed models were fit to examine associations between environmental variables and both outcomes, adjusting for demographic covariates. Results: Overall, in the fully adjusted models, greenness was positively associated with MVPA and LVPA (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 1.30 and 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.41, respectively). In contrast, street density and LUM were negatively associated with MVPA (ORs = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.67, 0.71 and 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.97, respectively) and LVPA (ORs = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.77, 0.81 and 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74, 0.90, respectively). Negative associations of population density and walkability with both outcomes reached statistical significance, yet the effect sizes were small. Conclusions: Concurrent monitoring of activity with accelerometers and GPS units allowed us to investigate relationships between objectively measured built environment around GPS points and minute-by-minute PA. Negative relationships between street density and LUM and PA contrast evidence from most built environment studies in adults. However, direct comparisons should be made with caution since most previous studies have focused on spatially fixed buffers around home locations, rather than the precise locations where PA occurs.
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    Acceptance of a Risk Estimation Tool for Colorectal Cancer Screening
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2016-04-08) Luckhurst, Cherie; Imperiale, Tom; Matthias, Marianne S.
    Abstract: While colonoscopy is the most prevalent screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC), it is often too expensive, too uncomfortable, or too time-consuming for patients. Non-compliance is common. Recently, fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) has become a guideline-recommended alternative. The FIT is a non-invasive, inexpensive method that requires no uncomfortable preparation by patients. The decision to recommend the colonoscopy or the FIT is based on the patient’s estimated risk for CRC. Several countries have created risk prediction tools to help identify patients at high risk for advanced colorectal neoplasia (the combination of CRC and advanced, precancerous polyps). A U.S.-based prediction tool was recently published1 that uses five easily and reliably measured factors (age, sex, a first degree relative with CRC, waist circumference, and cigarette smoking history) to quantify risk. We aimed to learn the impressions of clinicians and patients to this risk estimation tool. In the first phase of this study, we used a semi-structured format to interview clinicians at a VA medical center and a non-VA hospital. Using a paper prototype of the risk estimation tool, we asked about its usefulness to estimate risk and to aid their selection of a CRC screening tool. Using a grounded theory approach, we analyzed the interview transcripts and identified major themes. We found that clinicians thought the tool was clear and easy to use. However, they are unlikely to use it as a decision aid until FIT is more widely-endorsed as an acceptable alternative screening test. In phase two of the study, we will interview patients to assess their responses to the tool.