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Item The 4th International MOHO Institute: Summary and Reflections(2015) Nakamura-Thomas, Hiromi; Van Antwerp, Leah R.; Ikiugu, Moses N.; Scott, Patricia J.; Bonsaksen, ToreThe 4th International Institute on the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) was held October 23-24, 2015 at Indiana University-Purdue University in Indianapolis, USA. The title of the institute was: Reaching Out: Application of MOHO in Academic-Practice Partnerships.Item Accessible autonomous transportation and services: a focus group study(Taylor & Francis, 2023-08-07) Sivakanthan, Sivashankar; Cooper, Rosemarie; Lopes, Celia; Kulich, Hailee; Deepak, Nikitha; Lee, Chang Dae; Wang, Hongwu; Candiotti, Jorge L; Dicianno, Brad E; Koontz, Alicia; Cooper, Rory APurpose: Existing automated vehicle transportation guidelines and regulations have minimal guidance to address the specific needs of people with disabilities. Accessibility should be at the forefront to increase autonomy and independence for people with disabilities. The purpose of this research is to better understand potential facilitators and barriers to using accessible autonomous transportation. Methods: Focus groups were conducted with key stakeholders derived from people with disabilities (n = 5), travel companions/caregivers (n = 5), and transportation experts or designers (n = 11). Results: The themes include describing stakeholder perceptions across all three groups by identified themes: autonomous vehicle assistive technology, autonomy vs automation, cost, infrastructure, safety & liability, design challenges, and potential impact. Conclusion: Specific gaps and needs were identified regarding barriers and facilitators for transportation accessibility and evidence-based guidance. These specific gaps can help to formulate design criteria for the communication between, the interior and exterior of accessible autonomous vehicles.Item Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health Conditions Among Multiracial Adolescents(Taylor & Francis, 2021) Weller, Bridget E.; Conrad, Joseph K.; Wilburn, Victoria G.; Ramamonjiarivelo, Jo; Gladden, Jessica; Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human SciencesThe relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and mental health conditions have received much attention in the literature. A particularly well-documented type of ACE is household dysfunction. However, compared to monoracial youth, little is known about the relationship between this type of ACE and mental health outcomes among multiracial adolescents. Objective The objective of this study was to verify the factor structure of the household dysfunction type of ACE using data from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), and then examine whether household dysfunction (measured as a latent construct) was associated with mental health conditions among multiracial adolescents. Design We used cross-sectional data collected in 2016 from caregivers who completed the NSCH and analyzed data from a subpopulation of adolescents (12–17) who reported more than one race (n = 1,231). Mplus 8.4 was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and probit models from a structural equation modeling framework. Results Results from this study indicated that the household dysfunction type of ACE, as a latent construct, had good model fit and was significantly associated with depression [standardized coefficient [B] = .50, 95% confidence interval [CI] .36, .65], anxiety [B = .61, 95% CI .48, .73], behavior problems [B = .58, 95% CI .44, .72], and ADHD [B = .54, 95% CI .38, .69] for multiracial adolescents. Conclusions Household dysfunction may result in adolescents being separated (physically or emotionally) from their caregivers, which may hinder adolescents’ ability to establish or maintain one of the most important relationships needed to promote racial/ethnic identity development and mental health. Implications for advancements in theory and NSCH are presented.Item Assessment institute insights: A report of the STEM education track of the 2017 Assessment Institute(Assessment Update, 2018) Chase, AnthonyItem Autobiographical Memory Function as a Related Factor to Resilience of Older Adults(2023-05-25) Park, Sangmi; Lee, Chang Dae; Kim, Jung-Ran; Kim, Tae Hui; Park, Ji-HyukPurpose: This study aimed to measure the autobiographical memory function (AMF) of community-dwelling older adults to analyze its association with reminiscence function and with resilience. Methods: A survey was conducted on cognitively and psychologically healthy older adults aged 60 years and older living in the community. The Korean Version of Thinking About Life Experiences, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Reminiscence Functions Scale for the Elderly were used to measure AMF, resilience, and reminiscence function, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted to examine the associations between variables. Results: The mean age of the participants was 73.14 years (SD = 7.59) (n = 121). The mean score of AMF was 1.99 (SD = 0.72). AMF tended to decrease with age (p = .32). AMFs were positively associated with reminiscence functions (p < .001). After controlling for sociodemographic and health characteristics, AMF was positively associated with resilience (β = 0.229, p < .05). AMF explained 4.2% of the variance in resilience. Conclusion: The study confirmed that AMF is a related factor to the resilience of older adults. Further studies are recommended to measure AMF with various samples, including older adults with depression and cognitive decline, and to analyze it’s association with health-related variables in order to support the advantage of AMF in older adults’ health.Item Bridging the Humanities and Health Care With Theatre: Theory and Outcomes of a Theatre-Based Model for Enhancing Psychiatric Care via Stigma Reduction(APA, 2022-12-22) Wasmuth, Sally; Pritchard, Kevin T.; Belkiewitz , Johnna; Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human SciencesObjective: This article describes the rational, methods, implementation, and effectiveness of Identity Development Evolution and Sharing (IDEAS), an evidence-supported, narrative theater-based training that reduces stigma among health care providers to increase health care equity in psychiatric rehabilitation. Method: The IDEAS model has been used to reduce provider bias toward patients. From May 2017 to January 2020, we interviewed people from three patient groups who have been harmed by stigma, including Black women, transgender, and gender-diverse people, and people with substance use disorders. These interviews informed the creation of three theatrical scripts that were performed by professional actors for audiences of health care providers from January 2020 to May 2022. The performances aimed to raise conscious awareness of implicit provider biases and to provide a reflective opportunity to ameliorate these biases. The purpose of IDEAS is to improve experiences in health care settings such as psychiatric rehabilitation of patients from groups who have been harmed by stigma. We used paired-samples t tests to compare pre/postprovider stigma, measured via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Stigma (AAQ-S). Results: Sociodemographic factors for providers who viewed IDEAS were similar across all three performances. IDEAS significantly decreased AAQ-S scores (t = 11.32, df = 50, M = 13.65, 95% confidence limit: [11.32, 15.97], p < .0001). Conclusions and implications for practice: IDEAS reduces provider stigma to support positive clinical encounters with diverse patient populations. These findings are relevant for psychiatric rehabilitation settings, which seek to establish positive rapport between providers and patients.Item Clinical Applications of the Role Checklist Version 2: Quality of Performance(2015-10) Bonsaksen, Tore; Scott, Patricia J.The three-part Role Checklist Version 2: Quality of Performance (RC V2: QP) assesses role performance, role valuation, and current compared to past functioning. This session will illustrate by two different case examples how occupational therapists can make use of the RC V2: QP to support the clients’ process in diverse clinical settings: 1) In a psychiatric hospital setting with mental health clients, and 2) upon discharge from a medical setting to track recovery with transplant clients.Item A Clinically Relevant Method of Analyzing Continuous Change in Robotic Upper Extremity Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation(Sage, 2016-09) Massie, Crystal L.; Du, Yue; Conroy, Susan S.; Krebs, H. Igo; Wittenberg, George F.; Bever, Christopher T.; Whitall, Jill; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesBackground. Robots designed for rehabilitation of the upper extremity after stroke facilitate high rates of repetition during practice of movements and record precise kinematic data, providing a method to investigate motor recovery profiles over time. Objective. To determine how motor recovery profiles during robotic interventions provide insight into improving clinical gains. Methods. A convenience sample (n = 22), from a larger randomized control trial, was taken of chronic stroke participants completing 12 sessions of arm therapy. One group received 60 minutes of robotic therapy (Robot only) and the other group received 45 minutes on the robot plus 15 minutes of translation-to-task practice (Robot + TTT). Movement time was assessed using the robot without powered assistance. Analyses (ANOVA, random coefficient modeling [RCM] with 2-term exponential function) were completed to investigate changes across the intervention, between sessions, and within a session. Results. Significant improvement (P < .05) in movement time across the intervention (pre vs post) was similar between the groups but there were group differences for changes between and within sessions (P < .05). The 2-term exponential function revealed a fast and slow component of learning that described performance across consecutive blocks. The RCM identified individuals who were above or below the marginal model. Conclusions. The expanded analyses indicated that changes across time can occur in different ways but achieve similar goals and may be influenced by individual factors such as initial movement time. These findings will guide decisions regarding treatment planning based on rates of motor relearning during upper extremity stroke robotic interventions.Item Comparing Narrative-Informed Occupational Therapy in Adult Outpatient Mental Health to Treatment as Usual: A Quasi-Experimental Feasibility Study with Preliminary Treatment Outcomes(Taylor & Francis, 2021) Wasmuth, Sally; Wilburn, Victoria G.; Hamm, Jay A.; Chase, Anthony; Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human SciencesThis paper describes implementation of narrative-informed occupation-based service delivery in outpatient community mental health that addresses (1) the need for outcome data on occupational therapy in this setting, (2) an ongoing mental health provider shortage, and (3) a need for innovative approaches to supporting mental health. We found a significant improvement from baseline to post-intervention in occupational participation. Dose of occupational therapy was significantly related to improvements in roles, habits, values, long-term goals, social environment, and readiness for change. This study supports future, larger effectiveness studies of narrative-informed occupation-based intervention delivered by occupational therapists in outpatient community mental health.Item Considerations for Occupational Therapists in Developing Community-Level Interventions for Youth with High Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)(Western Michigan University, 2022) Wilburn, Victoria G.; Huber, Megan E; Senter, Denise; Stoll, Hannah B.; Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human SciencesDrug misuse likely contributes to the over 30,000 children in foster care and to the 24.2% of children who have experienced two or more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Twenty-five percent of children are living in poverty, with nearly half of those living in single-parent households. Among the national guidelines to preventing ACEs are connecting youth with positive activities and providing family relationship enhancement opportunities. We believe the profession of occupational therapy can help contribute to the mental and behavioral health care workforce in a greater capacity than is currently used. Many children are not afforded the opportunity to engage in novel leisure pursuits that are essential for positive mental health function and well-being. Occupational therapists can assist in creating a culture of health and equity for youth by harnessing the power of play and leisure to promote self-healing communities.