Browsing by Subject "measurement invariance"

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    Measurement Invariance and Differential Relationship to Substance Use of the Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale Across Racial Groups
    (Sage, 2023-10) Liu, Melissa; Wu, Wei; Zapolski, Tamika; Cyders, Melissa A.; Psychology, School of Science
    The Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior (SUPPS-P) scale assesses impulsive traits; however, its use among racial/ethnic minorities needs further testing. The aims of this study are to (a) test the measurement invariance of the SUPPS-P scale between White and racial/ethnic minority groups and (b) determine whether impulsive personality traits differentially relate to substance use outcomes across these groups. Participants were 1,301 young adults and recruited through a large public university or Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis concluded strong measurement invariance for Black, Asian American, and Hispanic/Latino groups, each compared with a White group. Most relationships between SUPPS-P traits and substance use did not differ across the groups compared, although two differences emerged with alcohol use. The SUPPS-P can validly and reliably measure impulsive traits in Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian American young to middle adults. Previous findings on risk patterns with the SUPPS-P likely generalize to these groups.
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    Measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Phq-9) depression screener in U.S. adults across sex, race/ethnicity, and education level: Nhanes 2005-2014
    (2017-11-10) Patel, Jay Sunil; Stewart, Jesse C.; Rand, Kevin L.; Cyders, Melissa A.
    Importance: Despite its widespread use in clinical settings and in behavioral medicine research, little is known about the psychometric performance of the PHQ-9 across major U.S. sociodemographic groups. Thus, utilizing a large sample representative of the U.S. population and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), we determine the factor structure and measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across groups based on sex, race/ethnicity, and education level. Objective: Our objective was to address key knowledge gaps by definitively determining the factor structure and measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across major U.S. sociodemographic groups based on sex, race/ethnicity, and education level. Design: The continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross-sectional, epidemiologic study designed to assess the health and nutritional status of the U.S. population. We examined data from the 2005-2014 survey years. Setting: NHANES is uses a stratified multistage probability sampling approach to enroll civilian, non-institutionalized adults and children in the U.S. Participants: For our final sample, we selected the 26,202 adult respondents with no missing PHQ-9 data. The factors of interest were sex (49.3% men, 50.7% women), race/ethnicity (48.9% non-Hispanic White, 23.7% non-Hispanic Black, 17.8% Mexican American, 9.7% other Hispanic), and education level (9.9% less than 9th grade, 16.6% 9th-12th grade but no diploma, vii 23.7% high school graduate/GED or equivalent, 28.9% some college or Associate’s degree, 20/8% college graduate or above). Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): The Patient Health Quessionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) Results: Results revealed that the best solution for the PHQ-9 consists of a cognitive/affective factor (items 1. anhedonia, 2. depressed mood, 6. feelings of worthlessness, 7. concentration difficulties, 8. psychomotor disturbances, and 9. thoughts of death) and a somatic factor (items 3. sleep disturbance, 4. fatigue, and 5. appetite changes; RMSEA = 0.034, RMSEA 90% CI = 0.032–0.036, TLI = 0.984, CFI = 0.988). To evaluate measurement invariance, we then conducted single-group and multiple-group CFAs to carry out the 5 steps of measurement invariance testing. Dimensional, configural, weak factorial, strong factorial, and strict factorial invariance was established for the PHQ-9 across the sex, race/ethnicity, and education level groups, as all models demonstrated close fit and the ΔCFI was < 0.010 for all steps. Conclusions and Relevance: Using a U.S. representative sample, we determined that a two-factor solution for the PHQ-9 with a cognitive/affective factor and a somatic factor is invariant across sex, race/ethnicity, and education level groups. Therefore, clinically, the PHQ-9 is an acceptable measure to utilize in major U.S. sociodemographic groups, extending the use of this depression screener from the primary care clinic to the community. Additionally, we show that PHQ-9 cognitive/affective and somatic subscale scores have the same meaning and can be compared across major U.S. sociodemographic groups and provide a consistent, evidence-based approach to computing PHQ-9 subscale scores to be used in future studies.
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    Studying Measurement Invariance and Differential Validity of the Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale across Racial Groups
    (2021-12) Liu, Melissa; Cyders, Melissa; Zapolski, Tamika; Wu, Wei
    Previous research has identified impulsive personality traits as significant risk factors for a wide range of risk-taking behavior, substance use, and clinical problems. Most work has been conducted in primarily White samples, leaving it unclear whether these patterns generalize to racial and ethnic minorities, who have higher rates of negative consequences of substance use behavior. The most widely used assessment of impulsive traits is the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior scale, which has strong psychometric properties across demographic subgroups, such as gender and age; however, data supporting its use in racial and ethnic minorities is less well-developed. The aims of this study are to 1) examine the measurement invariance of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale-Short Form (Cyders et al., 2014) across racial minority groups and 2) determine if impulsive personality traits differentially relate to substance use outcomes across racial groups. Participants were 1301 young adults (ages 18-35, fluent in English), recruited through an online survey for both college students at a large public university and Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing online platform. Measurement invariance was assessed using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. Differential validity was assessed using a structural equation modeling framework. I established model fit for each racial group (White group: RMSEA= .067, CFI= .94; Black group: RMSEA= .071, 90% CFI= .952; Asian American group: RMSEA= .073, CFI= .94; Hispanic group: RMSEA=.081, CFI=.934). Based on change in CFI/RMSEA indices, I concluded strong measurement invariance of the Short UPPS-P as a valid scale of impulsive behavior across racial groups. In the White group, findings indicated significant relationships between multiple SUPPS-P traits and alcohol and substance use. In the Asian American group, positive relationships were found between sensation and alcohol use (p=.015) and negative urgency and drug use (p=.020). I found that there were no differences in the relationships between the Short UPPS-P traits and substance use outcomes across White and the racial and ethnic groups studied (p’s>.06).
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    Testing Measurement Invariance with Ordinal Missing Data: A Comparison of Estimators and Missing Data Techniques
    (Taylor & Francis, 2020) Chen, Po-Yi; Wu, Wei; Garnier-Villarreal, Mauricio; Kite, Benjamin Arthur; Jia, Fan; Psychology, School of Science
    Ordinal missing data are common in measurement equivalence/invariance (ME/I) testing studies. However, there is a lack of guidance on the appropriate method to deal with ordinal missing data in ME/I testing. Five methods may be used to deal with ordinal missing data in ME/I testing, including the continuous full information maximum likelihood estimation method (FIML), continuous robust FIML (rFIML), FIML with probit links (pFIML), FIML with logit links (lFIML), and mean and variance adjusted weight least squared estimation method combined with pairwise deletion (WLSMV_PD). The current study evaluates the relative performance of these methods in producing valid chi-square difference tests (Δχ2) and accurate parameter estimates. The result suggests that all methods except for WLSMV_PD can reasonably control the type I error rates of Δχ2 tests and maintain sufficient power to detect noninvariance in most conditions. Only pFIML and lFIML yield accurate factor loading estimates and standard errors across all the conditions. Recommendations are provided to researchers based on the results.