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Item Building Comprehensive and Sustainable Health Informatics Institutions in Developing Countries: Moi University Experience(IOS, 2015) Were, Martin C.; Siika, Abraham; Ayuo, Paul O.; Atwoli, Lukoye; Esamai, Fabian; Department of Medicine, IU School of MedicineCurrent approaches for capacity building in Health Informatics (HI) in developing countries mostly focus on training, and often rely on support from foreign entities. In this paper, we describe a comprehensive and multidimensional capacity-building framework by Lansang & Dennis, and its application for HI capacity building as implemented in a higher-education institution in Kenya. This framework incorporates training, learning-by-doing, partnerships, and centers of excellence. At Moi University (Kenya), the training dimensions include an accredited Masters in HI Program, PhD in HI, and HI short courses. Learning-by-doing occurs through work within MOH facilities at the AMPATH care and treatment program serving 3 million people. Moi University has formed strategic HI partnerships with Regenstrief Institute, Inc. (USA), University of Bergen (Norway), and Makerere University (Uganda), among others. The University has also created an Institute of Biomedical Informatics to serve as an HI Center of Excellence in the region. This Institute has divisions in Training, Research, Service and Administration. The HI capacity-building approach by Moi provides a model for adoption by other institutions in resource-limited settings.Item The Community Action Framework in Practice: An Illustration Based on the Ready by 21 Coalition of Austin/Travis County(2011-08) Travis, Raphael Jr.; Leech, Tamara G.J.The field of positive youth development has expanded focus from articulating and measuring desired manifestations of positive well-being to assembling the environmental conditions known to promote these desired outcomes. Evidence of the effectiveness of community-level efforts promoting positive youth development is still emerging, in particular theory-driven examples of community-driven youth development. This study examined the Community Action Framework, one theory-based community youth development model, through the experiences of the Ready by 21 Austin/Travis County coalition (RB21). The coalition connects youth-serving organizations and also regional coalitions, while promoting the positive development of area youth. Participant observation, interviewing, and archival strategies were integrated to capture information related to the complex and dynamic coalition. Results indicated that RB21 represents a practical and meaningful application of the Community Action Framework. Specific examples and recommendations are provided as guidance for other community level youth development efforts.Item Future-Proofing Nonprofits for the Post-Pandemic World(2021-02)As the one-year anniversary of the pandemic approaches, this report takes account of charities around the world that have been performing their duties under extreme pressure. While many organizations have been forced to close during the past year, those with sustained operations have shown remarkable grit and determination in the face of new challenges caused by the COVID-19 virus. In its sixth COVID-19 survey from December 2–16, 2020, CAF America, in partnership with Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy and The Resource Alliance, polled 805 charitable organizations representing 152 countries to learn about the skills these resilient charities have relied on to persevere and those they are focused on strengthening as they continue to provide services through the pandemic and strive to emerge stronger than before.Item The Transformational Relationship Evaluation Scale II (TRES II) Reflection Framework: Version 2(2022-04) Clayton, Patti H.; Camo-Biogradlija, Jasmina; Kniffin, Lori E.; Price, Mary F.; Bringle, Robert G.; Pier, Alyssa A.The Transformational Relationship Evaluation Scale Reflection Framework (TRES II Reflection Framework, Version 2) is a critical reflection tool designed for all participants in community-campus relationships to generate actionable learning regarding their collective work and to serve as an intervention to deepen those relationships. This tool was designed to accompany the Transformational Relationship Evaluation Scale II (TRES II), which on its own has documented utility to enhance partnership inquiry and practice (Kniffin et. al., 2020). The TRES II Reflection Framework broadens and deepens the scale with intentionally-designed prompts structured using the DEAL Model of Critical Reflection (Ash & Clayton, 2009). Authors’ Note: This version of the TRES II Reflection Framework was last updated in April, 2022, and a PDF file can be accessed at the link provided in the recommended reference. Contact Patti Clayton, patti.clayton@curricularengagement.com, for an editable Word file and/or future versions.Item To address emerging infections, we must invest in enduring systems: The kinetics and dynamics of health systems strengthening(Wiley, 2015-10) Pastakia, Sonak; Njuguna, Benson; Le, Phuoc V.; Singh, Manisha K.; Brock, Tina Penick; Department of Medicine, IU School of MedicineClinical pharmacology uses foundational principles of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to address medication use spanning a continuum from molecules to the masses. In the realm of infectious diseases, PK/PD attributes are considered especially important, because subtherapeutic dosing of antibiotics has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes in patients and increased incidences of drug resistance in populations. In consideration of these PK/PD principles, we will describe the analogous relationship between health systems strengthening, including for educating healthcare providers about emerging infections, and the tenets of therapeutic drug monitoring.