Browsing by Subject "Geography"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    21st -Century Community Foundations
    (2015-06-08) Carson, Emmett
    Community foundations across the United States are actively thinking through how to engage with donors who have local, national, and international interests. This paper examines how different community foundations are responding to changing definitions of community to meet the needs of their donors and their local communities. It posits that the key characteristic of community foundations compared to other donor advised fund providers is their leadership and civic engagement within and outside of their stated geography. I wrote this paper because increasingly, community foundations are wrestling with this definitional issue, which is becoming a fundamental question to their operations. It’s not going away—it shouldn’t go away—and community foundations have a responsibility to explore and debate what can and will happen as a result.
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    Climatic and geographic predictors of life history variation in Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus): A range-wide synthesis
    (Plos, 2017-02-14) Hileman, Eric T.; King, Richard B.; Adamski, John M.; Anton, Thomas G.; Bailey, Robyn L.; Baker, Sarah J.; Bieser, Nickolas D.; Bell Jr., Thomas A.; Bissell, Kristin M.; Bradke, Danielle R.; Campa III, Henry; Casper, Gary S.; Cedar, Karen; Cross, Matthew D.; DeGregorio, Brett A.; Dreslik, Michael J.; Faust, Lisa J.; Harvey, Daniel S.; Hay, Robert W.; Jellen, Benjamin C.; Johnson, Brent D.; Johnson, Glenn; Kiel, Brooke D.; Kingsbury, Bruce A.; Kowalski, Matthew J.; Lee, Yu Man; Lentini, Andrew M.; Marshall, John C.; Mauger, David; Moore, Jennifer A.; Paloski, Rori A.; Phillips, Christopher A.; Pratt, Paul D.; Preney, Thomas; Prior, Kent A.; Promaine, Andrew; Redmer, Michael; Reinert, Howard K.; Rouse, Jeremy D.; Shoemaker, Kevin T.; Sutton, Scott; VanDeWalle, Terry J.; Weatherhead, Patrick J.; Wynn, Doug; Yagi, Anne; Department of Biology, School of Science
    Elucidating how life history traits vary geographically is important to understanding variation in population dynamics. Because many aspects of ectotherm life history are climate-dependent, geographic variation in climate is expected to have a large impact on population dynamics through effects on annual survival, body size, growth rate, age at first reproduction, size-fecundity relationship, and reproductive frequency. The Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) is a small, imperiled North American rattlesnake with a distribution centered on the Great Lakes region, where lake effects strongly influence local conditions. To address Eastern Massasauga life history data gaps, we compiled data from 47 study sites representing 38 counties across the range. We used multimodel inference and general linear models with geographic coordinates and annual climate normals as explanatory variables to clarify patterns of variation in life history traits. We found strong evidence for geographic variation in six of nine life history variables. Adult female snout-vent length and neonate mass increased with increasing mean annual precipitation. Litter size decreased with increasing mean temperature, and the size-fecundity relationship and growth prior to first hibernation both increased with increasing latitude. The proportion of gravid females also increased with increasing latitude, but this relationship may be the result of geographically varying detection bias. Our results provide insights into ectotherm life history variation and fill critical data gaps, which will inform Eastern Massasauga conservation efforts by improving biological realism for models of population viability and climate change.
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    Community-Based Archaeology: Research with, by, and for Indigenous and Local Communities (review)
    (Great Plains Research, 2014) Cusack-McVeigh, Holly
    Community-Based Archaeology lays a foundation for future anthropological and archaeological research, and thus should be required reading for any student considering a career in archaeology or cultural anthropology. [...]it may serve as a model for tribal communities, people in museology, academicians, and those in other natural and social sciences.
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    Geography, inequities, and the social determinants of health in transplantation
    (Frontiers Media, 2023-12-07) Ross-Driscoll, Katherine; McElroy, Lisa M.; Adler, Joel T.; Surgery, School of Medicine
    Among the causes of inequity in organ transplantation, geography is oft-cited but rarely defined with precision. Traditionally, geographic inequity has been characterized by variation in distance to transplant centers, availability of deceased organ donors, or the consequences of allocation systems that are inherently geographically based. Recent research has begun to explore the use of measures at various geographic levels to better understand how characteristics of a patient’s geographic surroundings contribute to a broad range of transplant inequities. Within, we first explore the relationship between geography, inequities, and the social determinants of health. Next, we review methodologic considerations essential to geographic health research, and critically appraise how these techniques have been applied. Finally, we propose how to use geography to improve access to and outcomes of transplantation.
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    Integrating GIS in a Statewide Medical Education Administrative System
    (2019-04) Davis, Ashley Michelle; Wilson, Jeffrey S.; Kochhar, Komal; Lulla, Vijay O.
    Geographic technologies can be used to visualize and analyze data patterns that may go unnoticed from other approaches. The purpose of this project was to provide examples of how GIS and cartographic methods are being used to help facilitate communication and inform management processes for a complex statewide medical education system administered by the Indiana University School of Medicine, the largest medical school in the United States. The IU School of Medicine has nine regional campuses located around the state in addition to numerous partnering hospitals where medical students are trained. We illustrate geographic examples of various stages of medical student education from admissions, through campus assignments and clinical rotations, to residency training. These geographic processes are being used to inform reaccreditation processes as well as assisting administration with recruitment/retention strategies, statewide planning, and analysis in a complex medical education system.