IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks :: Browsing by Author "Rooney, Patrick"

Browsing by Author "Rooney, Patrick"

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The 2014 U.S. Trust ® Study of High Net Worth Philanthropy
(2014-10) Rooney, Patrick; Osili, Una; Thayer, Amy; Baranowski, Grace; Hayat, Amir; Davis Kalugyer, Adriene; Hyatte, Cynthia
This study reveals consistent trends in the giving and volunteering behaviors of high net worth individuals and households from previous years, as well as departures from past trends. Nearly all (98.4 percent) high net worth households continued to give to charity in 2013. In fact, the findings show a 3 percentage point increase in the rate of giving by these households from 2011. A majority of high net worth individuals (75.1 percent) also continued to volunteer their time in 2013. More than one-third (34.3 percent) of these volunteers gave 200 hours or more of their time, while almost three-fourths (73.7 percent) of the volunteers volunteered at two or more organizations.
American generosity after disasters: 4 questions answered
(The Conversation US, Inc., 2017-09-11) Rooney, Patrick; Lilly Family School of Philanthropy
Board and Staff Representation and Grantmaking in Community Foundations: The Effect of Racial Representation, Intersectionality, and Donor Control
(2024-07) Ming, Yue; Paarlberg, Laurie E.; Badertscher, Katherine; Gazley, Beth; Rooney, Patrick
As the United States continues its significant demographic shift, concerns persist about philanthropic responsiveness to the needs of diverse communities. While foundations aim to address societal challenges, historical leadership structures can pose barriers to equitable outcomes. This raises questions about the representativeness of philanthropy to the broader public. The theory of representative bureaucracy establishes a framework for understanding the connection between representation and outcomes, positing that passive representation, which is bureaucrats share the same demographic origins as the general population, will result in active representation, which is producing policy outputs that benefit the interests of individuals who are passively represented. This study applies the theory of representative bureaucracy to nonprofits, specifically examining the case of community foundations in the United States. It investigates the influence of racial representation, the intersectionality across race and gender among representatives, and the impact of donor control on grant allocations to underserved groups. Key questions examined include: Does a positive relationship exist between racial representation in board and staff in community foundations and grant allocations to grantee organizations serving people of color? Does intersectional representation yield stronger results than solely racial representation? Does increased donor control weaken the positive relationship between board and staff members’ representation and grant allocations to grantee organizations serving people of color? This study utilizes longitudinal data spanning from 2012 to 2016, collected from a national sample of community foundations. The findings contribute both theoretically and practically to the understanding of the relationships among representation, discretion, and grant-making outcomes within the nonprofit sector.
The Challenges and Opportunities of Rural Philanthropy in America
(2009-02-02) Rooney, Patrick
Focus of research: giving in rural America. Giving by rural and non-rural residents; Giving by high-income rural and non-rural residents; Motivations for and impediments to giving.
Charitable Bequest Giving in the USA
(2014-07-10) Rooney, Patrick; Hayat, Amir; Kramarek, Michal; Wang, Xiaoyun
The estate tax plays an important and controversial role in many aspects of our society. This paper focuses on one of the more important and more controversial aspects of the estate tax. Namely, we examine the relationships between changes in the estate tax rate and estate tax exemption levels and aggregate charitable bequest giving using time series data. During life, donors give for many reasons, which may or may not be affected by the tax deductibility (only about one-fourth of US households itemize their taxes, so for three-fourths, the price of giving a dollar is a dollar). Likewise, the decision to give at death is motivated by many factors, including the tax implications for some, but it must be recalled that less than two percent of Americans pay any estate tax, and less than half of them pay anything that would be considered a meaningful tax (Rooney and Tempel, 2001). That said, for very large estates, the exemption levels and the estate tax rates can be a considerable factor in estate planning.
Charitable Giving and Tax Incentives
(2019-06-03) Osili, Una; Rooney, Patrick; Zarins, Sasha
Over $400 billion were donated to nonprofits in 2017, a record high. However, despite the increases in charitable dollars, the share of households that donate has been declining: in 2000, 67 percent of American households donated to nonprofits, but in 2014, only 56 percent of American households donated. This trend in decreasing donors pre-dates the passage of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), but could be accelerated by the recent policy changes. TCJA significantly changed federal tax policy and these changes are expected to affect charitable giving [3-5]. Nonprofit leaders, as well as policymakers, have been exploring additional policy proposals to offset the potential negative impact on charitable giving.
Charity and taxes: 4 questions answered
(The Conversation US, Inc., 2018-02-01) Rooney, Patrick; Lilly Family School of Philanthropy
Determinants of Compensation: A Study of Pay, Performance, and Gender Differences for Fundraising Professionals
(4/8/2008) Mesch, Debra; Rooney, Patrick
The purpose of our study is to address the following research questions: (1) What are the significant determinants of compensation for individuals who are employed as fundraising professionals in nonprofits? More specifically, does performance have a significant effect on compensation for these professionals? (2) What are the key determinants of bonus and salary for these individuals? (3) Is there a gender-pay gap for individuals who are in the role of fundraisers for nonprofits?
Economic Inequality and Prosocial Behavior: A Multidimensional Analysis
(2022-06) Yang, Yongzheng; Wiepking, Pamala; Badertscher, Katherine; Konrath, Sara; Ottoni-Wilhelm, Mark; Rooney, Patrick
Rising economic inequality has become a widespread trend and concern in recent decades. Economic inequality is often associated with pernicious consequences such as a decrease in individual health and social cohesion and an increase in political conflicts. Does economic inequality have a negative association with prosocial behavior, like many other aspects of inequality? To answer this question, this dissertation investigates the relationship between economic inequality and prosocial behavior, particularly charitable giving, by conducting three empirical studies. The first study is a meta-analysis on the overall relationship between economic inequality and prosocial behavior. Results from 192 effect sizes in 100 studies show that there is a general small, negative relationship between economic inequality and different forms of prosocial behavior. Moderator tests demonstrate that social context, the operationalization of prosocial behavior, the operationalization of economic inequality, and average age of participants significantly moderate the relationship between economic inequality and prosocial behavior. The second study differentiates between redistributive and non-redistributive charitable causes and examines how income inequality is associated with charitable giving to these two causes in China. Using synthesized data from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) and official data, this study shows that income inequality has no significant relationship with charitable giving to redistributive causes, but it has a negative association with charitable giving to non-redistributive causes. Of the four moderators, only education significantly moderates the relationship between income inequality and redistributive giving. The third study tests whether and how government social spending mediates the relationship between income inequality and charitable giving. Using the US county level panel data, this study finds there is no significant relationship between income inequality and government social spending as well as between government social spending and charitable giving. Thus, government social spending does not significantly mediate the relationship between income inequality and charitable giving. However, income inequality has a robustly and significantly negative relationship with charitable giving. In sum, this dissertation furthers our understanding of the relationship between economic inequality and prosocial behavior, especially charitable giving. Given the higher economic inequality facing many countries, it is a timely dissertation and has important practical implications.
The Effects of Race, Gender, and Marital Status on Giving and Volunteering in Indiana
(2006-12) Mesch, Debra; Rooney, Patrick; Steinberg, Kathryn; Denton, Brian
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of race, gender, and marital status on giving and volunteering behavior. A second purpose is to examine these effects across different survey methodologies. Using data from Indiana households, a multimethod, multigroup research design was used to compare giving and volunteering across eight different survey methodologies. Results indicate important differences in philanthropic behaviors by gender, race, marital status, and survey methodology—even when controlling for differences in income, age, and educational attainment. These results highlight the importance of looking specifically at human and social capital variables, and survey methodology, when making assumptions about and interpreting the measurement of philanthropic behavior.

Browsing by Author "Rooney, Patrick"

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