Browsing by Author "Ogunmola, Botiwuoluwa"

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    Analyzing the Trend in Engagement of IIACC Delegates in IIACC Quarterly meetings from June 2023 to June 2024
    (2024-05) Sanjeev, Samantha; Neal, Tiffany; Ogunmola, Botiwuoluwa; Swiezy, Naomi
    The Indiana Interagency Autism Coordinating Council (IIACC) is a collective stakeholder work group with primary mission to “facilitate the efficient and effective exchange of information on autism- related activities among the member agencies, and to leverage resources and experiences to address common issues and outcomes, and to fill identified gaps” (INformation Network, 2022). Established in 2005, the IIACC's work is guided by ongoing evaluations of statewide and regional needs through gap analyses, community input, and national data, with a 27% increase in 2022 compared to the previous period. Trend in IIACC engagement of IIACC meetings of 250 stakeholders were analyzed. Community Providers formed the largest group at 58.4% (146 individuals), followed by Family Members/Caregivers at 18.4% (46), Medical Providers at 11.2% (28), School Personnel at 6.4% (16), and Others at 5.6% (14). While June 2023, December 2023, and June 2024 saw relatively consistent attendance with 24, 22, and 19 participants respectively, March 2024 experienced a dramatic surge with 185 attendees. The analysis of IIACC meeting participation from June 2023 to June 2024 reveals consistent engagement which underscore the importance of the INformation Network in disseminating relevant information and engaging stakeholders. These insights can inform future strategies to enhance engagement and ensure the council's activities effectively meet the needs of its diverse stakeholders.
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    IIACC Stakeholder engagement and satisfaction levels from 2018-2024
    (2024-12-24) Guttikonda, Alekhya; Neal, Tiffany; Ogunmola, Botiwuoluwa; Swiezy, Naomi
    HANDS in Autism®, which facilitates Indiana Interagency Autism Coordinating Council (IIACC) IIACC, brings together stakeholders to support people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by fostering connections between educators, medical professionals, families, legislators and other stakeholders. This study analyzes post-event satisfaction survey data from IIACC events conducted between February 2018 and September 2024 to gain insights that will enhance future events. Over half (51.49%) of stakeholders are from the education sector, followed by healthcare (18.81%), family/community services (14.85%), and others (14.85%). 70.75% of attendees were returning participants most of whom reported being very satisfied with the events, a similar trend is also seen with first-time participants. Satisfaction surveys offer advantages such as understanding stakeholder needs, improving program quality, and enhancing community engagement through data-driven decisions. Analyzing stakeholder demographics and satisfaction trends provided actionable insights, highlighting the significance of engaging returning participants and attracting new ones.
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    The Impact of Social Determinants of Health and Poverty on Health Outcomes in America
    (2022) Ogunmola, Botiwuoluwa
    INTRODUCTION: Over the last decade, there has been a slow but steady decline in poverty rates in the United States (U.S). However, the burden of poverty is still very high among certain communities and groups in the U.S, and it poses a challenge not just to the health of those affected but to the health of the entire country. This owes majorly to socio-economic factors in the environment as well as other determinants of health. Poverty makes it more difficult for certain individuals to make healthy life choices, have access to health coverage, live in good neighborhoods, or gain the necessary skills needed through education and job security to contribute effectively to society. Understanding the various ways in which social determinants of health contextually drive health outcomes can help provide a better approach to improving health care and addressing the health gap it has created. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: A scoping review was done based on secondary data analysis. Research materials were retrieved from search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Public Health databases, including articles, scholarly literature, and publications. The relevant keywords for literature search included ‘social determinants of health (SDOH)’, ‘negative effects of SDOH’, ‘education’, ‘housing’, ‘poverty’, ’socio-economic status’, ‘United States’, ‘America’. Inclusion criteria: Scholarly literature and articles related to the topic of interest and published between 2012 and 2022. Exclusion criteria: Scholarly literature and articles that were unrelated to SDOH, poverty and or health and those published before 2012. About 1000 articles were retrieved but only 32articles were reviewed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria DISCUSSION: Poverty is a complex issue that impacts health outcomes because it can be viewed as both a “cause” and an “effect”. For instance, poverty can be caused by illnesses, climate change, crime, disasters, economic inequality, etc. Yet, these same issues can occur because of poverty. People faced with the multi-dimensional aspects of poverty are more prone to making poorer health choices, affecting their quality of life.  Social determinants of health (SDOH) are “conditions in the social environment in which people are born, live, learn, work, and play that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks”. (Healthy People 2030). The US Department of Health and human services (Healthy People, 2020) has grouped the social determinants of health into 5 domains which will be discussed further in this paper (See poster for SDOH determinants). Certain conditions in which individuals live their lives have an impact on health outcomes and can cause differences in health. Increased burden of disease which are more prominent in low income and impoverished communities include chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. Mental health and substance use disorders are also common among individuals living in these communities. (Walker E.R, Druss B.G.,2017). Every individual must interact with their environment to function fully, optimally and meet their needs. However, the conditions in which people live their lives can be directly proportional to their health outcomes. CONCLUSION: Global health priorities are determined by key policymakers which means that whatever health issue they choose to tackle becomes a "global health issue".  Unfortunately, the marginalized and disenfranchised who are most affected are left out of critical decision-making processes. We must all understand that no one is healthy until we are all healthy especially with the emergence of globalization, travel, trade, etc.  With the direct link between health and wellness, policymakers must shift their focus and priorities to promoting wellness by tackling poverty and other determinants of health at the grassroot. Achieving zero hunger, just like solving any other health crisis, may seem like a herculean task, but it can be done if the right strategies and tactics are employed.
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    Understanding the Influence of Applied Behavioral Analysis Therapy in the Management of Children with ASD in the US
    (2024-03-31) Ogunmola, Botiwuoluwa
    Introduction: Over the last few decades, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become increasingly common among children, teenagers, young adults, and even adults. In 2020, it had a global prevalence of 2 in 200 people according to the World Health Organization (WHO,2023) and 2 in 72 people in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC), 2024). Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disturbance that influences how individuals interact with other people, converse, gain knowledge and act. Applied behavioral therapy (ABA) is used behavioral therapy that is evidence-based and involves helping children with autism enhance positive skills and/or behavior and discourage negative ones (Child Mind Institute, 2024). This paper seeks to understand the role of behavioral intervention programs and its impact in the management of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Methods: A secondary data collection of scholarly articles on the impact of applied behavioral analysis on children with autism was done using the PCC framework. Out of the 1900 articles identified, 39 duplicates were removed and after screening, 1791 articles were excluded due to wrong setting, intervention, comparator, patient population. 25 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Results: Out of the 25 articles included, each article was reviewed to measure the effectiveness of ABA intervention, which was grouped into 3 outcomes, 1) Positive outcomes 2) Negative Outcomes 3) Unchanged. A cross-sectional design was done by Saar et al., 2023 to assess the perception of ABA intervention among autistic children, their families and caregivers using about 960 posts from social media although the type of ABA was not specified. Results showed that there were more positive outcomes (32%) than negative outcomes (12%) and a considerable number were unchanged (36%). Other studies done showed similar outcomes and were also outlined. . Discussion: The use of ABA therapy has proven to be an evidence-based intervention in the management of individuals with autism. Evidence-based interventions are grouped into 2 namely direct and broad-based interventions. Early intensive behavioral intervention is a type of broad-based intervention (Hume et al., 2021). Applied behavioral analysis uses both direct and broad-based interventions. From the articles reviewed, applied behavioral analysis positively impacts children with autism. Additionally, the availability of ABA services differs by race. According to Rosales et al., 2021, Black and Latinos families who have children with autism are less likely to receive ABA services early and more likely to stay longer on the waitlist before their children can receive care. However, once they receive care, most of these families are satisfied with the services they receive and are likely to recommend it to other families who have children with ASD. When compared with other articles reviewed in this study, ABA services rank high in terms of productivity and long-term benefits. Conclusion: Autism spectrum disorder and its management is a topic of public health importance, and several peer-reviewed articles, journals and grey literature serve as a helpful tool in understanding the importance of intervention strategies such as applied behavioral analysis in the management of individuals with ASD. The type of ABA service was not specified in most of the papers making it complex to analyze the effectiveness of a certain type of ABA compared to another. Although several articles exist on autism and ABA, many of them have small sample sizes therefore results gotten cannot be generalized. More studies will need to be conducted across different races, population, and geographical location to fully grasp the effectiveness of ABA services.