Browsing by Author "McCabe, Linda D."

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    Associations among osteocalcin, leptin and metabolic health in children ages 9-13 years in the United States
    (BioMed Central, 2017-03-07) Virecoulon Giudici, Kelly; Kindler, Joseph M.; Martin, Berdine R.; Laing, Emma M.; McCabe, George P.; McCabe, Linda D.; Hausman, Dorothy B.; Martini, Lígia Araújo; Lewis, Richard D.; Weaver, Connie M.; Peacock, Munro; Hill Gallant, Kathleen M.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationships among osteocalcin, leptin and metabolic health outcomes in children ages 9-13 years. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 161 boys and 157 girls (ages 9-13 years) who previously participated in a double-blinded randomized placebo controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation. Relationships among fasting serum total osteocalcin (tOC), undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), leptin, and metabolic health outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Approximately 52% of study participants were obese based on percent body fat cutoffs (>25% for boys and >32% for girls) and about 5% had fasting serum glucose within the prediabetic range (i.e. 100 to 125 mg/dL). Serum tOC was not correlated with leptin, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, or HOMA-β after adjusting for percent body fat. However, serum ucOC negatively correlated with leptin (partial r = -0.16; p = 0.04) and glucose (partial r = -0.16; p = 0.04) after adjustment for percent body fat. Leptin was a positive predictor of insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β after adjusting for age, sex and percent body fat (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data depict an inverse relationship between leptin and various metabolic health outcomes in children. However, the notion that tOC or ucOC link fat with energy metabolism in healthy children was not supported.
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    Soluble corn fiber increases bone calcium retention in postmenopausal women in a dose-dependent manner: a randomized crossover trial
    (2016) Jakeman, Steven A.; Henry, Courtney N.; Martin, Berdine R.; McCabe, George P.; McCabe, Linda D.; Jackson, George S.; Peacock, Munro; Weaver, Connie M.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    Background: Dietary soluble corn fiber (SCF) significantly improves calcium absorption in adolescents and the bone strength and architecture in rodent models. Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the skeletal benefits of SCF in postmenopausal women. Design: We used our novel technology of determining bone calcium retention by following the urinary appearance of 41Ca, a rare long-lived radioisotope, from prelabeled bone to rapidly and sensitively evaluate the effectiveness of SCF in reducing bone loss. A randomized-order, crossover, double-blinded trial was performed in 14 healthy postmenopausal women to compare doses of 0, 10, and 20 g fiber from SCF/d for 50 d. Results: A dose-response effect was shown with 10 and 20 g fiber from SCF/d, whereby bone calcium retention was improved by 4.8% (P < 0.05) and 7% (P < 0.04), respectively. The bone turnover biomarkers N-terminal telopeptide and osteocalcin were not changed by the interventions; however, a significant increase in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, which is a bone-formation marker, was detected between 0 and 20 g fiber from SCF/d (8%; P = 0.035). Conclusion: Daily SCF consumption significantly increased bone calcium retention in postmenopausal women, which improved the bone calcium balance by an estimated 50 mg/d. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02416947.
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    Twenty-Four-Hour Urine Phosphorus as a Biomarker of Dietary Phosphorus Intake and Absorption in CKD: A Secondary Analysis from a Controlled Diet Balance Study
    (American Society of Nephrology, 2018-07-06) Stremke, Elizabeth R.; McCabe, Linda D.; McCabe, George P.; Martin, Berdine R.; Moe, Sharon M.; Weaver, Connie M.; Peacock, Munro; Hill Gallant, Kathleen M.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Twenty-four-hour urine phosphorus is commonly used as a surrogate measure for phosphorus intake and absorption in research studies, but its reliability and accuracy are unproven in health or CKD. This secondary analysis sought to determine the reliability and accuracy of 24-hour urine phosphorus as a biomarker of phosphorus intake and absorption in moderate CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Eight patients with stage 3-4 CKD participated in 2-week balance studies with tightly controlled phosphorus and calcium intakes. Thirteen 24-hour urine collections per patient were analyzed for variability and reliability of 24-hour urine phosphorus and phosphorus-to-creatinine ratio. The accuracy of 24-hour urine phosphorus to predict phosphorus intake was determined using a published equation. The relationships of 24-hour urine phosphorus with phosphorus intake, net absorption, and retention were determined. RESULTS: There was wide day-to-day variation in 24-hour urine phosphorus within and among subjects (coefficient of variation of 30% and 37%, respectively). Two 24-hour urine measures were needed to achieve ≥75% reliability. Estimating dietary phosphorus intake from a single 24-hour urine resulted in underestimation up to 98% in some patients and overestimation up to 79% in others. Twenty-four-hour urine phosphorus negatively correlated with whole-body retention but was not related to net absorption. CONCLUSIONS: From a sample of eight patients with moderate CKD on a tightly controlled dietary intake, 24-hour urine phosphorus was highly variable and did not relate to dietary phosphorus intake or absorption, rather it inversely related to phosphorus retention.