Browsing by Author "Han, Hui"

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    Accurate Intramyocardial Hemorrhage Assessment with Fast, Free-running, Cardiac Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
    (Radiological Society of North America, 2024) Huang, Yuheng; Guan, Xingmin; Zhang, Xinheng; Yoosefian, Ghazal; Ho, Hao; Huang, Li-Ting; Lin, Hsin-Yao; Anthony, Gregory; Lee, Hsu-Lei; Bi, Xiaoming; Han, Fei; Chan, Shing Fai; Vora, Keyur P.; Sharif, Behzad; Singh, Dhirendra P.; Youssef, Khalid; Li, Debiao; Han, Hui; Christodoulou, Anthony G.; Dharmakumar, Rohan; Yang, Hsin-Jung; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a high-dynamic-range quantitative susceptibility mapping (HDR-QSM) cardiac MRI technique to detect intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) and quantify iron content using phantom and canine models. Materials and Methods: A free-running whole-heart HDR-QSM technique for IMH assessment was developed and evaluated in calibrated iron phantoms and 14 IMH female canine models. IMH detection and iron content quantification performance of this technique was compared with the conventional iron imaging approaches, R2*(1/T2*) maps, using measurements from ex vivo imaging as the reference standard. Results: Phantom studies confirmed HDR-QSM’s accurate iron content quantification and artifact mitigation ability by revealing a strong linear relationship between iron concentration and QSM values (R2, 0.98). In in vivo studies, HDR-QSM showed significantly improved image quality and susceptibility homogeneity in nonaffected myocardium by alleviating motion and off-resonance artifacts (HDR-QSM vs R2*: coefficient of variation, 0.31 ± 0.16 [SD] vs 0.73 ± 0.36 [P < .001]; image quality score [five-point Likert scale:], 3.58 ± 0.75 vs 2.87 ± 0.51 [P < .001]). Comparison between in vivo susceptibility maps and ex vivo measurements showed higher performance of HDR-QSM compared with R2* mapping for IMH detection (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.96 vs 0.75; P < .001) and iron content quantification (R2, 0.71 vs 0.14). Conclusion: In a canine model of IMH, the fast and free-running cardiac QSM technique accurately detected IMH and quantified intramyocardial iron content of the entire heart within 5 minutes without requiring breath holding.
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    Assessment of intramyocardial hemorrhage with dark-blood T2*-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance
    (Elsevier, 2021-07-15) Guan, Xingmin; Chen, Yinyin; Yang, Hsin‑Jung; Zhang, Xinheng; Ren, Daoyuan; Sykes, Jane; Butler, John; Han, Hui; Zeng, Mengsu; Prato, Frank S.; Dharmakumar, Rohan; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) within myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Bright-blood T2*-based cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as the reference standard for non-invasive IMH detection. Despite this, the dark-blood T2*-based CMR is becoming interchangeably used with bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR in both clinical and preclinical settings for IMH detection. To date however, the relative merits of dark-blood T2*-weighted with respect to bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR for IMH characterization has not been studied. We investigated the diagnostic capacity of dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR against bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR for IMH characterization in clinical and preclinical settings. Materials and methods: Hemorrhagic MI patients (n = 20) and canines (n = 11) were imaged in the acute and chronic phases at 1.5 and 3 T with dark- and bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR. Imaging characteristics (Relative signal-to-noise (SNR), Relative contrast-to-noise (CNR), IMH Extent) and diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, area-under-the-curve, and inter-observer variability) of dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR for IMH characterization were assessed relative to bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR. Results: At both clinical and preclinical settings, compared to bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR, dark-blood T2*-weighted images had significantly lower SNR, CNR and reduced IMH extent (all p < 0.05). Dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR also demonstrated weaker sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and inter-observer variability compared to bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR (all p < 0.05). These observations were consistent across infarct age and imaging field strengths. Conclusion: While IMH can be visible on dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR, the overall conspicuity of IMH is significantly reduced compared to that observed in bright-blood T2*-weighted images, across infarct age in clinical and preclinical settings at 1.5 and 3 T. Hence, bright-blood T2*-weighted CMR would be preferable for clinical use since dark-blood T2*-weighted CMR carries the potential to misclassify hemorrhagic MIs as non-hemorrhagic MIs.
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    Reliable Off-Resonance Correction in High-Field Cardiac MRI Using Autonomous Cardiac B0 Segmentation with Dual-Modality Deep Neural Networks
    (MDPI, 2024-02-23) Li, Xinqi; Huang, Yuheng; Malagi, Archana; Yang, Chia-Chi; Yoosefian, Ghazal; Huang, Li-Ting; Tang, Eric; Gao, Chang; Han, Fei; Bi, Xiaoming; Ku, Min-Chi; Yang, Hsin-Jung; Han, Hui; Medicine, School of Medicine
    B0 field inhomogeneity is a long-lasting issue for Cardiac MRI (CMR) in high-field (3T and above) scanners. The inhomogeneous B0 fields can lead to corrupted image quality, prolonged scan time, and false diagnosis. B0 shimming is the most straightforward way to improve the B0 homogeneity. However, today’s standard cardiac shimming protocol requires manual selection of a shim volume, which often falsely includes regions with large B0 deviation (e.g., liver, fat, and chest wall). The flawed shim field compromises the reliability of high-field CMR protocols, which significantly reduces the scan efficiency and hinders its wider clinical adoption. This study aims to develop a dual-channel deep learning model that can reliably contour the cardiac region for B0 shim without human interaction and under variable imaging protocols. By utilizing both the magnitude and phase information, the model achieved a high segmentation accuracy in the B0 field maps compared to the conventional single-channel methods (Dice score: 2D-mag = 0.866, 3D-mag = 0.907, and 3D-mag-phase = 0.938, all p < 0.05). Furthermore, it shows better generalizability against the common variations in MRI imaging parameters and enables significantly improved B0 shim compared to the standard method (SD(B0Shim): Proposed = 15 ± 11% vs. Standard = 6 ± 12%, p < 0.05). The proposed autonomous model can boost the reliability of cardiac shimming at 3T and serve as the foundation for more reliable and efficient high-field CMR imaging in clinical routines.