Browsing by Author "Goodman, David"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 31
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    Ambient Temperature Control
    (2017-04-28) Maizama Gaya, Ayouba; Goodman, David
    This report is a summary of my senior design project. The project is called Ambient Temperature Control. This paper includes the parts and design of the project, how it is made and designed. It will also document all important stages of the project as well as any big changes that were made during the process. Consumers love great products with great quality but at the same time affordable. Modern thermostats can be very expensive and unaffordable for many of us. I decided to use to senior design project to create a temperature control device that will not break the bank. The device will read ambient temperature and based on a set point, a fan will turn on to keep that set point within a range. All this is possible by combining designed hardware, a built software and an interface to bring everything to life.
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    Analyzing Compressed Air Demand Trends to Develop a Method to Calculate Leaks in a Compressed Air Line Using Time Series Pressure Measurements
    (2022-05) Daniel, Ebin John; Razban, Ali; Goodman, David; Chen, Jie
    Compressed air is a powerful source of stored energy and is used in a variety of applications varying from painting to pressing, making it a versatile tool for manufacturers. Due to the high cost and energy consumption associated with producing compressed air and it’s use within industrial manufacturing, it is often referred to as a fourth utility behind electricity, natural gas, and water. This is the reason why air compressors and associated equipment are often the focus for improvements in the eyes of manufacturing plant managers. As compressed air can be used in multiple ways, the methods used to extract and transfer the energy from this source vary as well. Compressed air can flow through different types of piping, such as aluminum, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), rubber, etc. with varying hydraulic diameters, and through different fittings such as 90-degree elbows, T-junctions, valves, etc. which can cause one of the major concerns related to managing the energy consumption of an air compressor, and that is the waste of air through leaks. Air leaks make up a considerable portion of the energy that is wasted in a compressed air system, as they cause a multitude of problems that the compressor will have to make up for to maintain the steady operation of the pneumatic devices on the manufacturing floor that rely on compressed air for their application. When air leaks are formed within the compressed air piping network, they act as continuous consumers and cause not only the siphoning off of said compressed air, put also reduce the pressure that is needed within the pipes. The air compressors will have to work harder to compensate for the losses in the pressure and the amount of air itself, causing an overconsumption of energy and power. Overworking the air compressor also causes the internal equipment to be stretched beyond its capabilities, especially if they are already running at full loads, reducing their total lifespans considerably. In addition, if there are multiple leaks close to the pneumatic devices on the manufacturing floor, the immediate loss in pressure and air can cause the devices to operate inefficiently and thus cause a reduction in production. This will all cumulatively impact the manufacturer considerably when it comes to energy consumption and profits. There are multiple methods of air leak detection and accounting that currently exist so as to understand their impact on the compressed air systems. The methods are usually conducted when the air compressors are running but during the time when there is no, or minimal, active consumption of the air by the pneumatic devices on the manufacturing floor. This time period is usually called non-production hours and generally occur during breaks or between employee shift changes. This time is specifically chosen so that the only air consumption within the piping is that of the leaks and thus, the majority of the energy and power consumed during this time is noted to be used to feed the air leaks. The collected data is then used to extrapolate and calculate the energy and power consumed by these leaks for the rest of the year. There are, however, a few problems that arise when using such a method to understand the effects of the leaks in the system throughout the year. One of the issues is that it is assumed that the air and pressure lost through the found leaks are constant even during the production hours i.e. the hours that there is active air consumption by the pneumatic devices on the floor, which may not be the case due to the increased air flow rates and varying pressure within the line which can cause an increase in the amount of air lost through the same orifices that was initially detected. Another challenge that arises with using only the data collected during a single non-production time period is that there may be additional air leaks that may be created later on, and the energy and power lost due to the newer air leaks would remain unaccounted for. As the initial estimates will not include the additional losses, the effects of the air leaks may be underestimated by the plant managers. To combat said issues, a continuous method of air leak analyses will be required so as to monitor the air compressors’ efficiency in relation to the air leaks in real time. By studying a model that includes both the production, and non-production hours when accounting for the leaks, it was observed that there was a 50.33% increase in the energy losses, and a 82.90% increase in the demand losses that were estimated when the effects of the air leaks were observed continuously and in real time. A real time monitoring system can provide an in-depth understanding of the compressed air system and its efficiency. Managing leaks within a compressed air system can be challenging especially when the amount of energy wasted through these leaks are unaccounted for. The main goal of this research was to find a nonintrusive way to calculate the amount of air as well as energy lost due to these leaks using time series pressure measurements. Previous studies have shown a strong relationship between the pressure difference, and the use of air within pneumatic lines, this correlation along with other factors has been exploited in this research to find a novel and viable method of leak accounting to develop a Continuous Air Leak Monitoring (CALM) system.
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    Automated Ramen Noodle Vending Machine
    (2018-12-04) Ragozzino, Dan R.; Goodman, David
    Contained in the following report is a complete and detailed document of the design and implementation for the development of an automated ramen noodle vending machine unit. Covered topics include justification and specification development, which considers target consumer audience as well as some considerations for safety ratings and features that are required for consumer appliances. Also covered is the development and implementation phase, entailing translating design into a physical and functional prototype that achieves specifications detailed in the design phase. There are three major components of the development phase: hardware, interface and software. Each component of development is covered in detail, including troubleshooting and on-the-fly changes made to design to accommodate issues that arise during the prototype development. The last section of the document includes some considerations for iterative design. Issues encountered during prototype development will also be documented. A fully detailed operations guide will also be included. In the appendices of the document are the full printout of the software, detailed spec sheets of individual hardware components, as well as documents from the design phase.
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    Automated Test Cell for Compressed Gas
    (2019-04-30) Meni, Ani; Pereira, Thomas; Griffith, Emma; Goodman, David; Lin, Bill
    This report details the components, decisions, and functionality to modify a manual system designed to gather data to create equations that correlate pressure and ultrasonic dB to flow. Our modifications turn the entirely manual system into a system that will automatically gather data from each sensor and write them to an Excel file. The data collected can then be used to create the equations.
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    Benchmarking Tool Development for Commercial Buildings' Energy Consumption Using Machine Learning
    (2024-05) Hosseini, Paniz; Razban, Ali; Chen, Jie; Goodman, David
    This thesis investigates approaches to classify and anticipate the energy consumption of commercial office buildings using external and performance benchmarking to reduce the energy consumption. External benchmarking in the context of building energy consumption considers the influence of climate zones that significantly impact a building's energy needs. Performance benchmarking recognizes that different types of commercial buildings have distinct energy consumption patterns. Benchmarks are established separately for each building type to provide relevant comparisons. The first part of this thesis is about providing a benchmarking baseline for buildings to show their consumption levels. This involves simulating the buildings based on standards and developing a model based on real-time results. Software tools like Open Studio and Energy Plus were utilized to simulate buildings representative of different-sized structures to organize the benchmark energy consumption baseline. These simulations accounted for two opposing climate zones—one cool and humid and one hot and dry. To ensure the authenticity of the simulation, details, which are the building envelope, operational hours, and HVAC systems, were matched with ASHRAE standards. Secondly, the neural network machine learning model is needed to predict the consumption of the buildings based on the trend data came out of simulation part, by training a comprehensive set of environmental characteristics, including ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and the specific HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) load data for both heating and cooling of the building. The model's exceptional accuracy rating of 99.54% attained across all, which comes from the accuracy of training, validation, and test about 99.6%, 99.12%, and 99.42%, respectively, and shows the accuracy of the predicted energy consumption of the building. The validation check test confirms that the achieved accuracy represents the optimal performance of the model. A parametric study is done to show the dependency of energy consumption on the input, including the weather data and size of the building, which comes from the output data of machine learning, revealing the reliability of the trained model. Establishing a Graphic User Interface (GUI) enhances accessibility and interaction for users. In this thesis, we have successfully developed a tool that predicts the energy consumption of office buildings with an impressive accuracy of 99.54%. Our investigation shows that temperature, humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and the building's size have varying impacts on energy use. Wind speed is the least influential component for low-rise buildings but can have a more substantial effect on high-rise structures.
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    Best Practices in Access Control and Security Cameras for Women’s Fraternity National Housing Corporations
    (2020-07-14) White, Ellen; Ray, Veto; Goodman, David; Cooney, Elaine
    Greek housing is a small niche of the housing industry and safety is a standard assurance provided by the local or national housing corporations that manage the multi-million-dollar assets on campuses across the nation. Unfortunately, the national housing corporations are young companies growing exponentially. This industry provides great opportunities for growing professionals to make an impact on the future by establishing best practices that have not yet been created. Women's Greek organizations and housing corporations are particularly resolute in establishing and providing safe living environments for young women in their communities. These facilities prioritize safety and security, however, there are few best practices in the industry for access control and security cameras. Many of these facilities are older with outdated systems. There are countless options for these corporations to update their most important aspects of the facility, access control, and security cameras. However, selecting the best option of the countless options can be a daunting task. The deliverable of this project was a toolkit of information for Local and National Housing Corporations to use when exploring upgrading access control and security cameras. It includes need assessments and worksheets; specifications and location need and guidance on implementation plans including training and installation. This also takes the size, occupancy, and staff of as well as the cost of the recommended system into consideration.
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    CMM (coordinate measuring machine)
    (2017-04-28) Hasani, Eltjon; Eggleton, Zach; Goodman, David
    This report will be about how we were able to repair a non-functioning coordinate measuring machine that hasn’t been working for four years. In the report, it will talk about the design overview of the PC that DivSys decided to use for a different project and how we got the coordinate measuring machine that is owned by the company DivSys to work again. The report will also talk about the construction, cost, terms, parts, coding and testing phases of the coordinate measuring machine, PC, and the machine’s electrical components of the project
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    CMMS Upgrade at Wyomissing Area School District
    (2018-11-12) Cafoncelli, Mike; Ray, Veto; Goodman, David; Cooney, Elaine
    Schools provide students with the tools needed to grow physically, mentally, and emotional. It helps prepare them to become successful and integral parts of society later in life. It has been found that the more well-kept and safe the school is, the better outcome the students will have. This is why facilities management is so important to the success of both the school and the students. Facilities management covers many aspects such as building security, climate control, fire safety systems, lighting, building and facility upkeep and cleanliness, and more. This includes a range of daily work from changing a lightbulb in a classroom to executing a capital project to expand the school district’s STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math) wing. As many school districts consist of at least three to four different buildings, it can be very difficult to keep all of the requests and requirements organized, and ensure they are completed in a timely manner. A computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) is widely used in school districts and other facilities across the nation. They are two-way systems which allows the transfer of information to and from the facilities management team. There are many different types of systems that all have a range of capabilities. The needs of a CMMS are highly based on the needs of the school district. Currently, Wyomissing Area School District utilizes SchoolDude by Dude Solutions as their CMMS. The system allows for work-order prioritization and assignment, preventative maintenance scheduling and tracking, equipment listing, vendor management, inventory control, and labor. In addition, the system allows for input of work-orders and events by the staff. Although the system has been sufficient throughout the years, the district is finding it would like a more diverse and mobile system. The facilities management team has outline three systems which meet the requirements and needs of the school district. These systems include UpKeep, NETFacilities, and Hippo CMMS. The proposal will study the systems and their pros and cons and provide a formal recommendation to the board based on the results.
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    Delay-Based Digital Audio Effects Module for DJs and Musicians
    (2018-12-01) Perr, Alexander; Goodman, David
    This module can manipulate audio signals, in real time, by modulating them in the time domain. This device is nicknamed “The Time Machine”. This device is meant for DJs and musicians who wish to be able to change characteristics about the music that they are playing during a live performance. This device allows the user to be able to change the playback speed of a song, such as slowing the song down and speeding it up. It allows the user to reverse the song. This device allows the user to perform momentary loops at various lengths for a stutter effect. This device can even change up the rhythm of a song by rearranging parts within a sequence. This device also lets the user perform vinyl effects, like what DJ’s do. This device lets the user be able to remix music on the fly and in real time. The device has a touch screen user interface and a set of 12 hardware push buttons. The user is able program each of the buttons using a touch screen interface. The user selects which button they want to program with the touch screen interface. They can then select from a list of 25 different delay-based audio effects to program to the button. This gives the user full customizability of the layout on the control board. The user can load all 12 buttons with different effects in any arrangement they choose. The user plugs their audio device into the input of the module with a 3.5 mm jack. They then plug in a speaker or headphones. There is a Tap Tempo on the GUI used to synchronize the effects to the tempo of any song. After the song is synchronized, the user can then perform combinations of delay-based audio effects to remix any song. The origins of this device came from a project for the Multi-Disciplinary Undergraduate Research Institution at IUPUI. I led a team of 3 other researchers where we were tasked with developing a digital audio effects module. During the research, we evaluated several different types of digital signal processors and devices to house our touch screen graphical user interface which was used in this project. I expanded on this project to add more functionality and customizability to the device. The inspiration for this project came from a VST (Virtual Studio Technology) plugin called Gross Beat, from Image Line.
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    Demand Controlled Ventilation Energy Savings for Air Handling Units
    (2021-12) Blubaugh, Matthew; Chen, Jie; Razban, Ali; Goodman, David
    Heat, cooling, and ventilation units are major energy consumers for commercial buildings, they can consume as much as 50% of the total annual power usage of a building. Coherent management of an air handling system’s energy is a key factor of reducing the energy costs and CO2 emissions that are associated with the demand for ventilating and conditioning the air in a building. The issue is that buildings are frequently over ventilated as a full assessment of the air handling unit (AHU) data is not evaluated by building operators. According to ASHRAE standards there are three key parameters that control indoor air quality (IAQ); these are the temperature, humidity, and CO2. Commonly occupancy setpoints implemented by building operators are focused on temperature and humidity control while neglecting the CO2 levels and their impact. While this may seem insignificant additional data proves to be important and can assist with energy management. Additionally, it can develop awareness of implementable procedures which conserve energy. Furthermore, data is not monitored in regard to the continuous assessment of the energy consumption with respect to analysis of opportunities to implement energy saving control strategies. By using these standards as a guide an AHUs energy can be managed more effectively by measuring the data and assessing the outputs compared to the standard. Previous research has shown that up to 75% savings for the ventilation fan energy is achievable when taking into account ASHRAE ventilation standards and controlling outside air ventilation, however, this research has omitted investigating the savings for other energy consumers associated with AHU’s operation. In order to assess the demand, it is required that the CO2 levels of the occupied zones be measured, and the outdoor air ventilation rate be adjusted based on real-time demand. The goal of the research is to assess the number of CO¬2 sensors needed to accurately measure demand-based needs for ventilation and determine an algorithm that will help building operators assess the energy savings by implementing demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) procedures. The scope of this research is to identify what sensors at minimum are required to collect the most pertinent data for implementation of a comprehensive energy saving algorithms and assess the impact on energy consumption of AHUs when demand-controlled ventilation procedures are implemented.