Browsing by Subject "vaccine hesitancy"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Vaccination of Children and Adolescents: Prospects and Challenges
    (Elsevier, 2021-04) Zimet, Gregory D.; Silverman, Ross D.; Fortenberry, J. Dennis; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Factors Associated With the Intention to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine: Cross-sectional National Study
    (JMIR, 2022-11) Kasting, Monica L.; Macy, Jonathan T.; Grannis, Shaun J.; Wiensch, Ashley J.; Lavista Ferres, Juan M.; Dixon, Brian E.; Family Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented public health crisis, and vaccines are the most effective means of preventing severe consequences of this disease. Hesitancy regarding vaccines persists among adults in the United States, despite overwhelming scientific evidence of safety and efficacy. Objective The purpose of this study was to use the Health Belief Model (HBM) and reasoned action approach (RAA) to examine COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy by comparing those who had already received 1 vaccine to those who had received none. Methods This study examined demographic and theory-based factors associated with vaccine uptake and intention among 1643 adults in the United States who completed an online survey during February and March 2021. Survey items included demographic variables (eg, age, sex, political ideology), attitudes, and health belief variables (eg, perceived self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility). Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were used for vaccine uptake/intent. The first model included demographic variables. The second model added theory-based factors to examine the association of health beliefs and vaccine uptake above and beyond the associations explained by demographic characteristics alone. Results The majority of participants were male (n=974, 59.3%), White (n=1347, 82.0%), and non-Hispanic (n=1518, 92.4%) and reported they had already received a COVID-19 vaccine or definitely would when it was available to them (n=1306, 79.5%). Demographic variables significantly associated with vaccine uptake/intent included age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06), other race (AOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.27-0.83 vs White), and political ideology (AOR 15.77, 95% CI 7.03-35.35 very liberal vs very conservative). The theory-based factors most strongly associated with uptake/intention were attitudes (AOR 3.72, 95% CI 2.42-5.73), self-efficacy (AOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.34-2.29), and concerns about side effects (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.76). Although race and political ideology were significant in the model of demographic characteristics, they were not significant when controlling for attitudes and beliefs. Conclusions Vaccination represents one of the best tools to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other possible pandemics in the future. This study showed that older age, attitudes, injunctive norms, descriptive norms, and self-efficacy are positively associated with vaccine uptake and intent, whereas perceived side effects and lack of trust in the vaccine are associated with lower uptake and intent. Race and political ideology were not significant predictors when attitudes and beliefs were considered. Before vaccine hesitancy can be addressed, researchers and clinicians must understand the basis of vaccine hesitancy and which populations may show higher hesitancy to the vaccination so that interventions can be adequately targeted.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Systemic racism and overcoming my COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy
    (Elsevier, 2021-02) Nephew, Lauren D.; Medicine, School of Medicine
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The AIMS approach: Regulating receptivity in patient-provider vaccine conversations
    (Frontiers, 2023-06-01) Parrish-Sprowl, John; Thomson, Angus; Johnson, Rodger D.; Parrish-Sprowl, Susan; Communication Studies, School of Liberal Arts
    The World Health Organization named vaccine hesitancy a leading global health threat of modern time. Addressing this public health issue requires a multi-front strategy, one such strategic effort is training health care professionals to respond to reluctant patients/caregivers or those who refuse vaccines. AIMS (Announce, Inquire, Mirror, and Secure) is designed to help HCPs engaged in more productive conversations with patients/caregivers to secure trust, a key behavior leading to higher vaccination rates.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    “We fear the unknown”: Emergence, route and transfer of hesitancy and misinformation among HPV vaccine accepting mothers
    (Elsevier, 2020) Walker, Kimberly K.; Owens, Heather; Zimet, Gregory; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Although licensed since 2006, US HPV vaccination rates remain suboptimal. Since mothers are decision-makers for young adults’ vaccination, assessing ongoing knowledge deficits and misunderstanding among parents is important for determining the content and mode of interventions to reach parents. Guided by the social-ecological model and health belief model, 30 interviews with vaccine accepting mothers in the U.S. Midwest were conducted from January through June 2020. Researchers examined ecological determinants of acceptance, perceptions of vaccination barriers, and perceived cues to action for empowering other mothers to vaccinate their children. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results found vaccine accepting mothers exhibited ongoing misconceptions and negative attitudes toward HPV vaccine. Physicians, peers and the media were identified as primary pro-HPV vaccine sources, yet hesitancy and misinformation occurred with each source. Trust in provider recommendation was the primary source for decision-making, yet trust was still lacking. While mothers looked to the media for HPV information, the media were identified as the main source of confusion and distrust. Results show that parents who accept the HPV vaccine can still be hesitant. Thus, mothers who have vaccinated their children for HPV may still need attitudinal and educational training prior to establishing them as role models in interventions for empowering other parents to vaccinate their children. Results showing that the media sow confusion and hesitancy also call for more attention to social media policies to guard against misinformation about the HPV vaccine.