Browsing by Subject "social support"
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Item A Brief Peer Support Intervention for Veterans with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Pilot Study of Feasibility and Effectiveness(Wiley, 2015-01) Matthias, Marianne S.; McGuire, Alan B.; Kukla, Marina; Daggy, Joanne; Myers, Laura J.; Bair, Matthew J.; Department of Communication Studies, School of Liberal ArtsObjective The aim of this study was to pilot test a peer support intervention, involving peer delivery of pain self-management strategies, for veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Design Pretest/posttest with 4-month intervention period. Methods Ten peer coaches were each assigned 2 patients (N = 20 patients). All had chronic musculoskeletal pain. Guided by a study manual, peer coach–patient pairs were instructed to talk biweekly for 4 months. Pain was the primary outcome and was assessed with the PEG, a three-item version of the Brief Pain Inventory, and the PROMIS Pain Interference Questionnaire. Several secondary outcomes were also assessed. To assess change in outcomes, a linear mixed model with a random effect for peer coaches was applied. Results Nine peer coaches and 17 patients completed the study. All were male veterans. Patients' pain improved at 4 months compared with baseline but did not reach statistical significance (PEG: P = 0.33, ICC [intra-class correlation] = 0.28, Cohen's d = −0.25; PROMIS: P = 0.17, d = −0.35). Of secondary outcomes, self-efficacy (P = 0.16, ICC = 0.56, d = 0.60) and pain centrality (P = 0.06, ICC = 0.32, d = −0.62) showed greatest improvement, with moderate effect sizes. Conclusions This study suggests that peers can effectively deliver pain self-management strategies to other veterans with pain. Although this was a pilot study with a relatively short intervention period, patients improved on several outcomes.Item The multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS): Reliability and validity of Russian version(Elsevier, 2018) Pushkarev, G. S.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Kuznetsov, V. A.; Yaroslavskaya, E. I.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineObjective: To assess factorial and construct validity along with reliability of the Russian version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) in cardiac patients. Methods: The study included 1018 patients with coronary artery disease. All patients were offered the opportunity to complete a questionnaire to detect psychosocial risk and protective factors, including the MSPSS. Results: Internal consistency of the Russian version of the MSPSS was high: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient in the group of patients with stable angina was 0.91 vs. 0.90 in the group with acute coronary syndrome. The three-factor structure of the MSPSS was proved with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. As expected, the Russian version of the MSPSS was negatively correlated with measures of anxiety and depression, and positively correlated with curiosity. Conclusions: The Russian version of MSPSS corresponds closely with the English version in reliability, consistency and internal structure. Test–retest reliability was satisfactorally high and construct validity was supported with the results of the correlation analysis. Clinical implications: Our study confirms that MSPSS questionnaire is a high valid tool to estimate social support and it can be successfully applied to define social support in patients with cardiac pathology.Item The Relationship Between Sexually Coercive Experience Frequency, Coping, Social Support and Sexual and Mental Health in Adult Women(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Muzzey, Allison K.; Hensel, Devon J.Introduction: Existing literature separately identifies social support and coping methods as mediating influences between sexual coercion and adverse health outcomes, yet few empirical studies actually evaluate their influence in the same model. The objective of this study was to analyze how adult women’s coping methods and social support jointly mediate the impact of sexually coercive experience on sexual and mental health. Methods: Data are drawn from a larger internet-based, cross-sectional survey examining adult men’s and women’s health and life experiences. For the current study, we retained all female participants (N=113). Structural equation modelling (SEM) (Stata, v. 22; all p<.05) analyzed the hypothesized structural relationships between coping (adaptive and maladaptive), social support (subjective and emotional), sexual coercion, sexual health (sexual openness, sexual anxiety, sexual esteem, and sexual entitlement) and mental health (depression, self-esteem, and anxiety). Results: More frequent sexual coercion predicted higher maladaptive coping (β = .364). Higher levels of maladaptive coping were associated with higher levels of depression (β = .199), anxiety (β = .393), sexual anxiety (β = .346), and sexual openness (β = .251). Additionally, higher levels of maladaptive coping were associated with lower self-esteem (β = -.226). Adaptive coping and social support were not associated with sexual coercion. Conclusion: Adult women’s sexually coercive experiences impact sexual and mental health indirectly through maladaptive coping, but not through adaptive coping or any social support. Our data raise the possibility that maladaptive coping could be an important catalyst for poor mental and sexual health outcomes following a sexually coercive experience. From an education and policy perspective, this means that a focus on reducing maladaptive coping methods may increase mental and sexual health and reduce the likelihood of accruing more sexually coercive experiences.Item The Role of Observer Gender and Attitudes Towards Emotional Expression in the Provision of Emotional and Instrumental Support for Peers with Pain(2022-08) Mehok, Lauren E.; Hirsh, Adam; Cyders, Melissa; Rand, Kevin; Matthias, MarianneChronic pain is a health problem that impacts at least 10% of the world population. Social support has beneficial effects for those who have chronic pain. Social support can be emotional, where a supporter is present, validating, and assuring; or instrumental, where a supporter provides services to address an imbalance in needs. Despite the benefits of social support, relatively little attention has been given to willingness to provide support to people with pain during transition to adulthood. The current study explored gender differences and the role of attitudes towards emotional expression in young adults’ willingness to provide emotional and instrumental support to a virtual human peer with pain. Participants (N=234, mean age=20) viewed videos/vignettes of a male or female peer with pain and responded to questions about willingness to provide support and attitudes towards emotional expression. Female participants were more willing to provide support than male participants, F(1,218) = 27.37, p < 0.01, and participants were more willing to provide emotional support compared to instrumental support, F(1,218) = 6.72, p = 0.01. Attitudes towards emotional expression mediated the relationship between participant gender and emotional and instrumental support (total indirect effect = 0.05; 95% CI [.01-.12]; total indirect effect = 0.05; 95% CI [.01-.12]). There was not an interaction between participant and peer gender for emotional, P = 0.26, or instrumental, P = 0.47, support. The results suggest that women are more willing to provide emotional and instrumental support and that fewer negative attitudes about emotional expression help explain the relationship. The findings also suggest that the gender of the peer does not impact willingness to provide support.Item Social (societal) support(2014-01-21) Konrath, Sara H.Item Social correlates of distress following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Exploring the role of loneliness and cognitive processing(SAGE, 2012-10-01) Mosher, Catherine E.; Lepore, Stephen J.; Wu, Lisa; Austin, Jane; Valdimarsdottir, Heiddis; Rowley, Scott; Isola, Luis; Redd, William H.; Rini, ChristineThis study investigated whether loneliness and cognitive processing explain the influence of negative (social constraints) and positive (emotional support) relationship qualities on cancer survivors? distress. Participants were 195 cancer survivors who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Path analysis supported the hypothesis that loneliness and cognitive processing would mediate the association between social constraints and distress. Only loneliness mediated the association between emotional support and distress ? an indirect effect significant only when support came from family and friends rather than a partner. Findings suggest that addressing social constraints may enhance cancer survivors? adjustment.Item Social support associated with restorative treatment, professionally applied fluoride and flossing: A cross-sectional analysis including recent immigrants from Central America and Mexico in the Midwest USA(Wiley, 2023) Brooks, Caroline V.; Maupomé, Gerardo; Epidemiology, School of Public HealthObjectives This study examined how Mexican and Central American immigrants' social support was associated with three selected dental outcomes among recent immigrants, prior to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Using baseline wave data from the 2017–2022 VidaSana study about the health and social networks of Mexican and Central American immigrants living in Indiana, this study utilized logistic and ordinal logistic regression to predict lifetime fluoride use, lifetime dental restoration and flossing frequency, across levels of social support and differences between Mexican and Central American immigrants. Results Data from 547 respondents were included in the present analysis (68% women; mean age 34.4 years [SD 11.2]; Central American 42%; Mexican 58%). Results show a high level of social support was associated with increased probability of fluoride use, dental restoration and higher flossing frequency for Mexican immigrants. However, social support for Central American immigrants was associated with a decreased likelihood of fluoride use, more infrequent flossing, and had no significant association with dental restorations experience. What would be a negative association between Central American immigrants and dental restoration was accounted for by education level and never having been to a dentist. Conclusions While higher social support was linked to beneficial outcomes for oral health in Mexican immigrants, the opposite was found in Central Americans. These findings highlighted the complexities of social relationships among new immigrants, and potential heterogeneity within the Hispanic population, particularly regarding social and behavioural measures as they pertain to oral health. Further research is needed to identify the underlying mechanisms producing both differences in social support and oral health outcomes.Item Using art therapy to facilitate interpersonal relationships with LGBTQ+ adolescents in the school setting: A literature review(2022) Dorsch, Gracen; Misluk, EileenThe mental health needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ+) adolescents are worsening due to the lack of available and appropriate services. It was hypothesized that the queer adolescent population would be vastly overlooked in research, thus leading to a significant lack of knowledge on how to best support them. A literature matrix was used to organize research articles and various forms of media regarding this topic. Significant findings include the following: LGBTQ+ adolescents are much more likely to experience disparities in treatment for mental health-related symptoms; safety concerns stem from historical instances of discrimination and adolescent peer conflict; therapeutic approaches, including art therapy, have documented little amounts of research among this population; and the school setting offers a safe environment for receiving therapeutic services. As hypothesized, there was a significant gap in available research pertaining to queer adolescents and their treatment. The proposed art therapy group was included to reduce this gap and offer a template for available services moving forward.Item Using Social Support Levels to Predict Sexual Identity Development Among College Students who Identify as a Sexual Minority(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Brandon-Friedman, Richard A.; Kim, Hea-Won; School of Social WorkThis study examined the impact of five domains of social support (a campus group for individuals who identify as a sexual minority, family, friends, significant others, and faith communities) on eight aspects of sexual minority identity development (identity uncertainty, internalized homonegativity, identity affirmation, acceptance concerns, identity superiority, concealment motivation, identity centrality, and difficulty in the identity development process). Support from a sexuality-specific campus group was the strongest predictor, followed by support from family members. Supports from friends and significant others had no significant impact on any aspect of sexual minority identity development, while faith community support was not correlated with identity development. Identifying as lesbian, bisexual, or as another sexual minority compared to identifying as gay also impacted sexual minority identity development.Item Weight loss attitudes and social forces in urban poor Black and White women(Ingenta Connect, 2015-01) Keith, NiCole R.; Hemmerlein, Kimberly A.; Clark, Daniel O.; Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education and Tourism ManagementOBJECTIVE: To explore differences between Blacks and Whites in perceived influences on weight-related behaviors among obese urban poor women. METHODS: Participants (N = 27) received physician referrals to a weight loss program located in Federally Qualified Health Centers and either never attended or stopped attending. We conducted in-depth, in home interviews using a script informed by focus groups, pilot discussions, and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to learn about participants' weight loss attitudes, social forces and perceived behavioral control. RESULTS: White women reported having more social support and social pressure for weight management activities. Black women reported eating for positive reasons whereas white women associated eating with negative emotions. CONCLUSION: Social networks and emotions may be critical factors in weight management and lifestyle program participation.