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Item How I Do It(Elsevier, 2021) Krumm, Ilana Roberts; Miles, Matthew C.; Clay, Alison; Carlos, W. Graham, II; Adamson, Rosemary; Medicine, School of MedicinePrerecorded video content in medical education has become more common. Increasingly accessible technology coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent need for distanced learning has greatly increased the interest in and need for high-quality video content. The use of short educational videos to augment other teaching methods has been shown to improve learners’ experiences, knowledge retention, and understanding of content. Multiple studies have demonstrated that video education can be a highly effective tool for learning, particularly for hard-to-visualize processes and for procedural education. Videos allow learners to view content at their own pace and revisit materials on demand. In addition, well-designed videos can be repurposed by educators, ultimately reducing time needed to create high-quality educational content. Currently available technology allows educators to create high-quality videos at minimal cost and with a modest investment of time. This article details practical tips for creating high-yield educational videos.Item Risks and Rewards of Advanced Practice Providers in Cardiothoracic Surgery Training: National Survey(Elsevier, 2018) Blitzer, David; Stephens, Elizabeth H.; Tchantchaleishvili, Vakhtang; Lou, Xiaoying; Chen, Peter; Pattakos, Greg; Vardas, Panos N.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground Changes in healthcare have led to increasing utilization of Advanced Practice Providers (APPs), but their role in Cardiothoracic Surgery (CTS) education remains undefined. This study aimed to analyze the extent of APP utilization on the CTS team, their role within the hierarchy of clinical care, and the impact of PEs on CTS training from the resident perspective. Methods CTS residents’ responses to the 2017 Thoracic Surgery Residents Association (TSRA)/Thoracic Surgery Directors Association (TSDA) In-Service Training Examination (ITE) survey regarding the role of APPs in specific clinical scenarios, and perception of APP contribution to residents’ educational environment were analyzed. Statistical analysis of categorical variables was performed in SPSS using a Fisher’s exact test and Pearson Chi-Square with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results Response rate was 82.1% (280/341). The median number of employed APPs was 16-20 and 50.4% (n=141) reported 11-25 PEs at their institution. The median forAPPs in the operating room, floor, and intensive care unit was 3, 3, and 2 respectively. Overall impression of APPs was positive in 87.5% (n=245) of respondents, with 47.7% (n=133) being “very positive” and 40.1% being “positive” (n=112). In general, residents reported greater resident involvement in post-operative issues and operative consults and greater APP involvement in floor issues. 72.5% of residents had not missed a surgical opportunity due to APPs while, 9.6% missed an opportunity due to a APP despite being at an appropriate level of training. Of those that reported missed opportunities, 44% were I-6 residents. There were no significant differences in APPs’ operative role based on resident seniority. Conclusions The overall impression of APPs among CTS residents is favorable, and they more commonly are involved assisting on the floor or the operating room. Occasionally, residents report missing a surgical opportunity due to APPs. There is further opportunity to optimize and standardize their role within programs, in order to improve clinical outcomes and enhance the CTS educational experience for residents.