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Item The Demographics of Fractures and Dislocations Across the Entire United States due to Common Sports and Recreational Activities(Sage, 2020-03) Meixner, Cory; Loder, Randall T.; Orthopaedic Surgery, School of MedicineBackground: There exists little nationwide data regarding fracture and dislocation patterns across a wide variety of sporting activities for all ages and sexes. Hypothesis: Participant demographics (age and sex) will vary with regard to fracture and joint dislocation sustained during sport-related activities. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program data 2005 through 2013 were accessed; 18 common sports and recreational activities in the United States were selected. Statistical software was used to calculate the numbers of fractures and dislocations, and incidence was calculated using US Census Bureau data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis determined the odds ratios (ORs) for the occurrence of a fracture or dislocation. Results: A fracture occurred in 20.6% and a joint dislocation in 3.6% of the emergency department visits for sports-related injuries; annual emergency department visit incidence was 1.51 for fractures and 0.27 for dislocations (per 1000 people). Most of the fractures occurred in football (22.5%). The OR for fracture was highest for inline skating (OR, 6.03), males (OR, 1.21), Asians, whites, and Amerindians compared with blacks (OR, 1.46, 1.25, and 1.18, respectively), and those older than 84 years (OR, 4.77). Most of the dislocations occurred in basketball (25.7%). The OR for dislocation was highest in gymnastics (OR, 4.08), males (OR, 1.50), Asians (OR, 1.75), and in those aged 20 to 24 years (OR, 9.04). The most common fracture involved the finger, and the most common dislocation involved the shoulder. Conclusion: Inline skating had the greatest risk for fracture, and gymnastics had the greatest risk for joint dislocation. Clinical Relevance: This comprehensive study of the risks of sustaining a fracture or dislocation from common sports activities across all age groups can aid sports health providers in a better understanding of those sports at high risk and be proactive in prevention mechanisms (protective gear, body training).Item Pediatric Recreation and Staff Education: Disability and Diversity Inclusive Education on Play and Leisure at a Pediatric Residential Services Facility(2024-04-24) VanBuskirk, Allyssa; Wasmuth, Sally; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences; None, NoneRecreation is vital for promoting physical, social, and mental health for children through play and leisure. Children with disabilities face obstacles to recreation that can negatively impact their overall well-being, but caregiver intervention can improve these challenges. Children at a community residential facility experienced decreased recreational participation with staff due to low schedule adherence, language and cultural differences, and poor knowledge on recreation. The purpose of the capstone project was to address these barriers through employee education, training, and development of disability and diversity-inclusive activities in order to improve staff proficiency and engagement in recreation. Preliminary surveys completed by 31 workers yielded baseline data on their demographics, learning styles, and viewpoints on recreation. This information was used to create project materials including educational handouts, activity ideas, and equipment guidelines the student and staff could utilize for recreational engagement. Implementation challenges hindered initial project delivery and shifted the focus toward the creation of educational presentations for employees at the site. A learning survey given to 14 new hires and four recreation staff at these presentations evaluated the project’s effectiveness in improving knowledge and motivation for recreational engagement. Pre- and post- test data analyzed through paired t-tests found overall improvement in new and current workers’ knowledge, motivation, and confidence in recreation after presentations. Additionally, employees at the site reported greater engagement in recreational areas by the conclusion of the project. These findings demonstrate the capstone project increased competency, education, and participation in recreation for staff with children at the site.