Browsing by Subject "racism"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 15
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    Communicating with providers about racial healthcare disparities: The role of providers’ prior beliefs on their receptivity to different narrative frames
    (Elsevier, 2018) Burgess, Diana J.; Bokhour, Barbara G.; Cunningham, Brooke A.; Do, Tam; Eliacin, Johanne; Gordon, Howard S.; Gravely, Amy; Jones, Dina M.; Partin, Melissa R.; Pope, Charlene; Saha, Somnath; Taylor, Brent C.; Gollust, Sarah E.; Psychology, School of Science
    Objective Evaluate narratives aimed at motivating providers with different pre-existing beliefs to address racial healthcare disparities. Methods Survey experiment with 280 providers. Providers were classified as high or low in attributing disparities to providers (HPA versus LPA) and were randomly assigned to a non-narrative control or 1 of 2 narratives: “Provider Success” (provider successfully resolved problem involving Black patient) and “Provider Bias” (Black patient experienced racial bias, which remained unresolved). Participants' reactions to narratives (including identification with narrative) and likelihood of participating in disparities-reduction activities were immediately assessed. Four weeks later, participation in those activities was assessed, including self-reported participation in a disparities-reduction training course (primary outcome). Results Participation in training was higher among providers randomized to the Provider Success narrative compared to Provider Bias or Control. LPA participants had higher identification with Provider Success than Provider Bias narratives, whereas among HPA participants, differences in identification between the narratives were not significant. Conclusions Provider Success narratives led to greater participation in training than Provider Bias narratives, although providers’ pre-existing beliefs influenced the narrative they identified with. Practice implications Provider Success narratives may be more effective at motivating providers to address disparities than Provider Bias narratives, though more research is needed.
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    Critical Intersections and Comic Possibilities: Extending Racialized Critical Rhetorical Scholarship
    (2010) Rossing, Jonathan P.
    Communication scholars conducting work on race must engage work from complementary critical communities to bolster their own critiques and further advance progressive racial coalitions. Critical, rhetorical scholarship and Critical Race Theory (CRT) share principle aims that provide significant ground for interdisciplinary racial projects. Together, these interrelated disciplines can find reinforcement in comedic discourse. This essay locates racial comedy as a space for transformational critiques. More specifically, the author argues that critical rhetorical scholarship and CRT taken jointly can illuminate parallel comic discourses and advance their important correctives pertaining to race and racism.
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    Decolonization and liberation psychology: The case of psychology in South Africa
    (Cambridge UP, 2020) de la Rey, Cheryl; Thompson, Chalmer E.
    This chapter focuses on psychology in South Africa as a discipline and profession embedded in a history of colonialism and apartheid. It a describes South African psychology as a site of epistemological contestation shaped by historical racial identities and relations of power and asserts that liberation psychology is central to the contribution of the profession to eliminating human rights violations and fostering well-being. National student protests in 2015–2016 called for the “decolonization” of the curriculum, bringing into sharp focus the decades-long debate about the relevance of psychology and the need for transformation. While the focus is psychology in South Africa, the chapter broadens the discussion of decolonizing the field to other nations plagued by histories of racial oppression such as Australia and the United States. Changes in the decolonizing process are not without their challenges, yet in a field of study that is one of the most popular among students, a cogent move toward decolonizing the psychology curriculum entails the invention of new voices and theories as well as liberation psychology practices that center squarely on the needs for equity, violence prevention, and social justice.
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    Emancipatory Racial Humor as Critical Public Pedagogy: Subverting Hegemonic Racism
    (Wiley, 2016-12) Rossing, Jonathan P.; Department of Communication Studies, School of Liberal Arts
    This essay identifies emancipatory racial humor as a disarming critical public pedagogy that confronts racial hegemony. Acknowledging the interpretive quandaries of humor and the possibilities of racist humor, this essay tells an often overlooked story of the comic “heroes” who struggle against dominant racial meanings, power relationships, and identity constructions. The essay analyzes the pedagogical possibilities of critical humorists who creatively confront hegemonic racism and whose work participates in critical projects of social, political, and cultural transformation. Such emancipatory racial humor serves as a critical public pedagogy that exposes dominant public pedagogies, injects counternarratives into the struggle over hegemony, and subverts naturalized racial meanings and privileges.
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    Exploring the intersection of structural racism and ageism in healthcare
    (Wiley, 2022-12) Farrell, Timothy W.; Hung, William W.; Unroe, Kathleen T.; Brown, Teneille R.; Furman, Christian D.; Jih, Jane; Karani, Reena; Mulhausen, Paul; Nápoles, Anna María; Nnodim, Joseph O.; Upchurch, Gina; Whittaker, Chanel F.; Kim, Anna; Lundebjerg, Nancy E.; Rhodes, Ramona L.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) has consistently advocated for a healthcare system that meets the needs of older adults, including addressing impacts of ageism in healthcare. The intersection of structural racism and ageism compounds the disadvantage experienced by historically marginalized communities. Structural racism and ageism have long been ingrained in all aspects of US society, including healthcare. This intersection exacerbates disparities in social determinants of health, including poor access to healthcare and poor outcomes. These deeply rooted societal injustices have been brought to the forefront of the collective public consciousness at different points throughout history. The COVID-19 pandemic laid bare and exacerbated existing inequities inflicted on historically marginalized communities. Ageist rhetoric and policies during the COVID-19 pandemic further marginalized older adults. Although the detrimental impact of structural racism on health has been well-documented in the literature, generative research on the intersection of structural racism and ageism is limited. The AGS is working to identify and dismantle the healthcare structures that create and perpetuate these combined injustices and, in so doing, create a more just US healthcare system. This paper is intended to provide an overview of important frameworks and guide future efforts to both identify and eliminate bias within healthcare delivery systems and health professions training with a particular focus on the intersection of structural racism and ageism.
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    Factors that Influence Mass Incarceration among African-Americans
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Egunyomi, Ayobami; Waterhouse, Carlton
    Mass incarceration refers to the high rate of imprisonment among a certain racial group. The problem of mass incarceration is common among African-Americans. The main objective of this study is to identify the major factors that lead to the high rate of incarceration among African-Americans. For years, the issue of mass incarceration has been a subject of controversy. While some believe mass incarceration is a subtle form of racism against African-Americans and a posteffect of slavery, some others view it as an adaptation to the demands of the society. Due to these different assertions on the issue of mass incarceration and also the impact of mass incarceration on the society, it is imperative to conduct research on the causes of mass incarceration prevalent among African-Americans. My primary method of research was through analyzing statistical information while referring to scholarly articles and literature. This study aims at examining the factors that have led to mass incarceration with the hope that it will help minimize the number of African-Americans in incarceration. The goal of this research is to influence subsequent decisions and policies of the key players in the American Criminal Justice System on issues concerning incarceration of African Americans.
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    How racism in US health system hinders care and costs lives of African Americans
    (2020-06-29) Zapolski, Tamika C. B.; Oruche, Ukamaka M.; School of Nursing
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    Internalized Racism and the Pursuit of Cultural Relevancy: Decolonizing Practices for Critical Consciousness with Preservice Teachers of Color
    (Taylor & Francis, 2021-04-05) Jackson, Tambra; Kazembe, Lasana; Morgan, Laryn
    In this article, we explore the need for decolonizing practices in teacher education for developing critical consciousness with preservice teachers of Color (PTOC). We assert that the development of critical consciousness for PTOC must include practices that specifically attend to their racialized experiences in the context of white spaces- their teacher preparation programs, the teaching profession, and society writ large- where they have been subjected to colonized paradigms of what it means to teach children of Color. We use culturally relevant/responsive teacher education to frame our discussion and place emphasis on the construct of critical consciousness.
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    Language vs. Behaviors: A Holistic Approach to Studying Racism
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Gillard, Laccy
    Racism has always been an issue in the history of the United States. However, this country has evolved and transformed in ways that have greatly limited old time blatant racism. Consequently in today’s age, racism has converted into an implicit and arguably more insidious form, as it is not as obvious to identify. Subtle and implicit racial bias has become all the more difficult to identify or discuss given the popular belief that we will live in a post-racial society. Researchers from different disciplines have taken different approaches to understand and confront these implicit racial biases. In particular, social psychologists are interested in answering questions about social behavior. They seek to objectively and systematically measure and assess implicit racism through the use of experiments and implicit measures. Conversely, rhetoricians are interested in how language and symbols create perceptions of reality and understandings of the world. They aim to understand how language not only shapes our beliefs about racial matters but also reveals our attitudes and ways of thinking. Rhetoricians study language and symbol use in areas such as political discourse, educational discourse, media texts, and sites like civil rights museums which participate in shaping collective memories. This research will highlight the different methods to address implicit racism used by researchers in social psychology and rhetoric. The contribution of this research is not only to consider the unique intellectual insights of each field but also to argue for the necessity of interdisciplinary approaches to studying racism. Social scientific and humanities research complement one another’s aims. Therefore, together they provide a more complete understanding of and way to confront social problems such as implicit racism.
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    Medical Racism and Black Health Activism in Indianapolis and Beyond: Learning Modules for Health Professionals
    (2024) Nelson, Elizabeth
    This set of modules, designed for health care professionals, focuses on the history of health disparities in the United States, with a special focus on Indianapolis. Health disparities between different racial and ethnic groups have been documented since the 1800s. Anti-Black racism has played a central role in the making of modern medicine in the US; Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., considered discrimination in medicine to be the most “shocking and inhuman” form of racism. Civil Rights activists and Black health care professionals have led efforts to minimize health disparities, in Indianapolis and beyond, over many decades. But there is more work to be done. As we build toward a more equitable future, we would be wise to inform ourselves of this past.