Browsing by Subject "prevention"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 22
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    Asian American women's perspectives on donating healthy breast tissue: implications for recruitment methods and messaging
    (2016-12) Ridley-Merriweather, Katherine E.; Parrish-Sprowl, John; Bute, Jennifer J.; Head, Katharine J.
    Asian women have a lower risk than Caucasians, African Americans, and Latinas of developing breast cancer (BC). Yet, once Asians move to the U.S. their risk rates measurably increase. The Susan G. Komen® Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center (KTB), the only biobank of its kind in the world, collects healthy breast tissue from women of all racial groups to use as controls in BC research. The KTB represents a critical tool in efforts to treat and prevent BC; however, Asian American (AA) women display marked reticence towards donating tissue to the KTB. The purpose of this study is to use the basic components of Grounded Practical Theory to explore potential messaging that may result in AAs’ more positive outlook on breast tissue donation. This study recruited seventeen (N=17) AA women to share their perspectives on donating breast tissue for research purposes. Participants took part in an interactive focus group exploring potential messaging for successfully recruiting AA women to the KTB study. Findings revealed that: a) participants retained a culturally-embedded discomfort with donating, and a general distrust that their donation would be handled ethically and appropriately; b) the women possessed an extraordinary need for knowledge about all facets of the donation process; c) participants perceived that they lack a personal connection to BC, making it difficult for them to generate any truly altruistic tendencies to perform the desired behavior, or to understand a need to do so; and d) they possess a strong desire to learn why it seems important to the KTB to collect their tissue, and especially about the increased BC rates and risk for Asians who move to or are born in the U.S. The findings from this study have important implications for others who work in applied clinical settings and are interested in addressing racial disparities in medical research through more effective and targeted recruitment messaging.
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    Blood Sugar, Your Pancreas, and Unicorns: The Development of Health Education Materials for Youth With Prediabetes
    (Sage, 2018) Yazel-Smith, Lisa G.; Pike, Julie; Lynch, Dustin; Moore, Courtney; Haberlin, Kathryn; Taylor, Jennifer; Hannon, Tamara S.; Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health
    Background. The obesity epidemic has led to an increase in prediabetes in youth, causing a serious public health concern. Education on diabetes risk and initiation of lifestyle change are the primary treatment modalities. There are few existing age-appropriate health education tools to address diabetes prevention for high-risk youth. Aim. To develop an age-appropriate health education tool(s) to help youth better understand type 2 diabetes risk factors and the reversibility of risk. Method. Health education tool development took place in five phases: exploration, design, analysis, refinement, and process evaluation. Results. The project resulted in (1) booklet designed to increase knowledge of risk, (2) meme generator that mirrors the booklet graphics and allows youth to create their own meme based on their pancreas’ current mood, (3) environmental posters for clinic, and (4) brief self-assessment that acts as a conversation starter for the health educators. Conclusion. Patients reported high likability and satisfaction with the health education tools, with the majority of patients giving the materials an “A” rating. The process evaluation indicated a high level of fidelity and related measures regarding how the health education tools were intended to be used and how they were actually used in the clinic setting.
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    Construction of a Database for Socio-Demographic, Medico-Legal, Anatomic, and Genomic Research into Suicide
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Engle, Kaitlyn; Cook, Shannon; Levey, Daniel; Ballew, Alfarena; Yard, Michael
    Suicide is a potentially preventable tragedy. Over 180 cases of suicide a year occur in Marion County. We have created a database that permits integration of socio-demographic data, medico-legal information, anatomic images, and genomic results. We have collected over 50 cases to date. We will show results of analyses looking at method of suicide, toxicology results, and genomic biomarker correlates. It is hoped that this resource would permit the study of risk factors and the creation of predictive algorithms that may better identify people at risk, and lead to early intervention and prevention efforts.
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    Daily Situational Brief, December 5, 2014
    (MESH Coalition, 12/05/14) MESH Coalition
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    Daily Situational Brief, June 29, 2011
    (MESH Coalition, 6/29/2011) MESH Coalition
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    An Epidemiological Review of Diet and Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
    (AACR, 2018-10) Yang, Keming; Fung, Teresa T.; Nan, Hongmei; Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    Incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma has continued to rise despite public efforts to promote sun protection behaviors among populations at risk. However, dietary factors may also affect the development of melanoma. In the past few decades, findings from epidemiologic and experimental research have linked consumption of several foods and other nutrients to the risk of melanoma. Caffeine has been associated with a lower risk of melanoma, and citrus fruits and alcohol with increased risk. Associations between polyunsaturated fatty acid, niacin/nicotinamide, folate, and vitamin D with melanoma remain controversial. Diet likely influences melanoma development through several potential mechanisms, such as enhancing UV-induced apoptosis and increasing photosensitivity. We conducted a narrative review to summarize recent epidemiologic studies of diet and melanoma based on published literature. Given the high prevalence of the food items and nutrients covered in this review and the decades-long rising melanoma incidence worldwide, the associations we discuss may have important public health implications in terms of reducing melanoma incidence through dietary modification.
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    High-Deductible Health Plans and Prevention
    (Annual Reviews, 2019) Mazurenko, Olena; Buntin, Melinda J.B.; Menachemi, Nir; Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health
    High-deductible health plans (HDHPs) are becoming more popular owing to their potential to curb rising health care costs. Relative to traditional health insurance plans, HDHPs involve higher out-of-pocket costs for consumers, which have been associated with lower utilization of health services. We focus specifically on the impact that HDHPs have on the use of preventive services. We critique the current evidence by discussing the benefits and drawbacks of the research designs used to examine this relationship. We also summarize the findings from the most methodologically sophisticated studies. We conclude that the balance of the evidence shows that HDHPs are reducing the use of some preventive service, especially screenings. However, it is not clear if HDHPs affect all preventive services. Additional research is needed to determine why variability in conclusions exists among studies. We describe an agenda for future research that can further inform public health decision makers on the impact of HDHPs on prevention.
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    Homeland Security and Public Health: A Critical Integration
    (2013-09) Carter, Jeremy G.; Rip, Michael
    In the wake of a series of tragic events impacting public health in the United States, the Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Department of Homeland Security have attempted to facilitate information sharing across public health and homeland security organizations. Data collected as part of a national assessment of law enforcement and homeland security information sharing, funded by the National Institute of Justice, indicate such efforts to date have been helpful in establishing a foundation for information sharing, yet fall short of creating mechanisms by which tangible information sharing can occur. Recent initiatives to remedy this shortcoming are presented and recommendations for further success are discussed.
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    The Importance of Connection and Context in Adolescent Violence
    (AMA, 2019-09) Aalsma, Matthew C.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
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    Is it a cold or the flu?
    (2005-09) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.)
    Information sheet comparing the common cold with the flu.