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Item Expected immunizations and health protection for Hajj and Umrah 2018 —An overview(Elsevier, 2017-09) Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Gautret, Philippe; Memish, Ziad A.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground The annual Hajj and Umrah are one of the largest recurring religious mass gatherings across the globe drawing pilgrims from more than 185 countries. The living circumstances and activities of the pilgrims may create an environment for the occurrence and spread of communicable diseases. Each year, the Health authority of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in coordination with international health authorities, updates health requirements for pilgrims. The Hajj for 2017 took place from August 24 to September 5, 2017. Here, we review the expected obligations for immunizations for the 2018 Hajj and Umrah. Results The Hajj and Umrah vaccine requirements include mandatory vaccinations against yellow fever, quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide (every 3 years) or conjugated (every 5 years) vaccines and poliomyelitis vaccine. Influenza vaccine utilizing the 2016 (Southern Hemisphere vaccine to all pilgrims) was recommended but was not obligatory for pilgrims. Ciprofloxacin is required for individuals >12 years excluding pregnant women as chemoprophylaxis to be given at the port of entry for Pilgrims coming from the meningitis belt. With the ongoing outbreaks of measles in Europe, it is recommended that all pilgrims have an updated immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles and mumps). Conclusion The mandatory vaccines remain the same with continued vigilance for the development of any new or emerging infectious diseases. Continuing surveillance for Zika virus, cholera and MERS-CoV are ongoing.Item Remembering Pilgrimage in the Luttrell Psalter(2011-04-08) Lee, JenniferThis paper examines the theme of pilgrimage throughout the marginal imagery of the fourteenth-century Luttrell Psalter. Pilgrimage emerges as a prominent theme throughout the book's pages and suggests that its patron considered pilgrimage to be an important aspect of his devotional life. Textual evidence for Geoffrey Luttrell's actual pilgrimages supports this idea. This paper is also a demonstration of the benefits to scholarship afforded by the facsimile of the manuscript published in 2006, which allows access to the volume as a compete book rather than selected reproductions of a few well-known pages.Item What is Pilgrimage? A Report of the Panel at the 2017 Symposium on Pilgrimage Studies, William & Mary, October 7, 2017(Dublin Institute of Technology, 2018) Nickerson, Robert C; Greenia, George D; McIntosh, Ian S; Quinn, E Moore; World Languages and Cultures, School of Liberal Arts