Browsing by Subject "patient behavior"

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    The Impact of Information Technology on Patient Engagement and Health Behavior Change: A Systematic Review of the Literature
    (JMIR, 2016) Sawesi, Suhila; Rashrash, Mohamed; Phalakornkule, Kanitha; Carpenter, Janet S.; Jones, Josette F.; Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing
    Background: Advancements in information technology (IT) and its increasingly ubiquitous nature expand the ability to engage patients in the health care process and motivate health behavior change. Objective: Our aim was to systematically review the (1) impact of IT platforms used to promote patients' engagement and to effect change in health behaviors and health outcomes, (2) behavior theories or models applied as bases for developing these interventions and their impact on health outcomes, (3) different ways of measuring health outcomes, (4) usability, feasibility, and acceptability of these technologies among patients, and (5) challenges and research directions for implementing IT platforms to meaningfully impact patient engagement and health outcomes. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published from 2000 to December 2014. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the included papers, and potentially relevant studies were retrieved and assessed for eligibility based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 170 articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in detail. Overall, 88.8% (151/170) of studies showed positive impact on patient behavior and 82.9% (141/170) reported high levels of improvement in patient engagement. Only 47.1% (80/170) referenced specific behavior theories and only 33.5% (57/170) assessed the usability of IT platforms. The majority of studies used indirect ways to measure health outcomes (65.9%, 112/170). Conclusions: In general, the review has shown that IT platforms can enhance patient engagement and improve health outcomes. Few studies addressed usability of these interventions, and the reason for not using specific behavior theories remains unclear. Further research is needed to clarify these important questions. In addition, an assessment of these types of interventions should be conducted based on a common framework using a large variety of measurements; these measurements should include those related to motivation for health behavior change, long-standing adherence, expenditure, satisfaction, and health outcomes. [JMIR Med Inform 2016;4(1):e1]
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    Primary Care Patients Who Complete Colonoscopy after Referral and Those Who Do Not: Are they Different?
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2014-04-11) Olofinkua, Oluwakemi Blessing; Rawl, Susan M.; Habermann, Barbara; Christy, Shannon M.; Perkins, Susan; Tong, Yan; Gebregziabher, Netsanet; Mabis, Michelle; Krier, Connie; Mirchandani, Amit; Fatima, Hala
    Up to 50% of people in one safety net hospital in the Midwest who received a recommendation for colonoscopy from their healthcare provider failed to complete the test. Research is needed to understand the complex interplay between individual, social, and health care systems and their influence on colonoscopy completion. The purpose of this study was to compare people who completed colonoscopy after receiving a referral with those who did not on demographic and clinical characteristics, CRC knowledge, and health beliefs (perceived risk, perceived benefits, perceived barriers). Quantitative data were collected via telephone interviews from 90 patients; 46 who completed colonoscopy and 44 non-completers. In-depth interviews were conducted with 42 participants to examine perceptions of barriers and facilitators to test completion. Data were analyzed using two-sample t-tests, chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests and content analysis. People who completed colonoscopy had a higher mean CRC knowledge score (p=.0008), and a smaller proportion had hypertension (p=.03). No group differences in perceived risk (p=0.81), perceived benefits (p=0.66), and perceived barriers scores (p=0.24) were observed. Non-completers frequently reported that life events interfered with their ability to keep their appointments. While receipt of a provider recommendation is the most important predictor of CRC screening, results showed that receipt of a recommendation with immediate referral to an endoscopist and automatic colonoscopy appointment-making were not sufficient to insure test completion. Education and tailored counseling about the need for and benefits of colonoscopy, along with reminders and tangible assistance to complete the test in the context of competing demands, may be required to increase completion rates.