IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks :: Browsing by Subject "oral health"

Browsing by Subject "oral health"

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A Collaborative Assessment of Barriers to Oral Health Care: Are Social Workers Needed?
(IUPUI, 2021-06-14) Lyons, Stephanie; Schrader, Stuart; Galyean, Erika; Romito, Laura; Everidge, Caroline; Smith, Margaret; Mandapati, Surendra Reddy; School of Social Work
Oral health disparities are pervasive. Interprofessional education and collaborative practice experiences may be a means to address this problem in oral healthcare settings. This project aimed to determine: (1) barriers involved in patients’ access to oral health care at an academic dental school clinic, (2) dental students’ perceived ability to address patients’ needs and/or care barriers, (3) the ability of current clinical operations’ to address access to care issues, and (4) the potential role of a licensed health care social worker integrated into the clinic. Investigators conducted three focus groups –one student group (n=5), one clinical staff group (n=7), and one clinical faculty group (n=5). Further, investigators administered two needs assessment surveys in the dental school – one with students, staff, and faculty (n=144) and the second with the school’s dental patients (n=150). Investigators employed descriptive and inferential statistical analyses to evaluate the survey data. Five principal barriers to oral health care for dental patients were identified from focus group and survey data, inclusive of patients, students, staff and faculty perspectives: (1) lack of financial means, (2) lack of/inadequate insurance, (3) limited/no transportation, (4) general health problems, and (5) language barriers. More female patients (38.7%) than male patients (8.1%) reported financial barriers to accessing oral care. Including licensed social workers in an academic dental clinic may help address patient barriers to care and support interprofessional collaborative practice.
Contribution of prosthetic treatment considerations for dental extractions of permanent teeth
(2016-07) Fernández-Barrera, Miguel Ángel; Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo; Casanova-Rosado, Juan Fernando; Mendoza-Rodríguez, Martha; Escoffié-Ramírez, Mauricio; Casanova-Rosado, Alejandro José; Navarrete-Hernández, José de Jesús; Maupome, Gerardo; Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry
Background. Tooth loss is an easily identifiable outcome that summarizes a complex suite of factors in an individual’s history of dental disease and its treatment by dental services over a lifetime. Assessment of overall tooth loss data is essential for epidemiologically evaluating the adequacy of dental care provided at a systems level, as well as for placing in context tooth loss for non-disease causes. For example, when derived from prosthetic treatment planning, the latter may unfortunately lead to some teeth being extracted (pulled) for the sake of better comprehensive clinical results. The objective of the present manuscript was to identify the contribution to overall tooth loss, by extraction of permanent teeth because of prosthetic treatment reasons. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study included sex, age, total number of extractions performed by subject, sextant (anterior vs. posterior), group of teeth (incisors, canines, premolars and molars), upper or lower arch, and the main reason underlying extraction (extraction for any reason vs. prosthetic treatment), in patients 18 years of age and older seeking care at a dental school clinic in Mexico. A multivariate logistic regression model was generated. Results. A total of 749 teeth were extracted in 331 patients; 161 teeth (21.5% of total) were extracted for explicit prosthetic treatment indications. As age increased, the likelihood of having an extraction for prosthetic reasons increased 3% (OR = 1.03, p < 0.001). Women (OR = 1.57, p < 0.05) were more likely to be in this situation, and molars (OR = 2.70, p < 0.001) were most at risk. As the total number of extractions increased, the risk of having an extraction for prosthetic reasons decreased (OR = 0.94, p < 0.05). Conclusions. A significant amount (21.5%) of the extractions of permanent teeth were performed for prosthetic reasons in this dental school clinical environment; age, sex, type of tooth, and the total number of extractions moderated such pattern.
Data Report: 2016 Indiana Oral Health Licensure Survey
(2016-10) Vaughn, Sierra., Gano, Laura., Maxey, Hannah
Identifying supply and distribution of the professional oral health workforce is crucial in understanding the capacity to meet oral health needs and improve overall population health of Indiana citizens. Data presented in this report provide a snapshot of key demographic and practice characteristics for the oral health workforce. The 2016 Indiana Oral Health Licensure Survey Data Report presents key information derived from data collected from the dentist and dental hygienist re-licensure survey administered by the Indiana Professional Licensing Agency (IPLA) during the license renewal period. In 2016 3,862 dentists and 4,946 dental hygienists renewed their professional licenses. Of these, 2,259 dentists and 3,231 dental hygienists reported having an Indiana practice address and were included in this report. Marion County encompasses the largest reported oral health workforce full-time equivalents (FTEs): 229.3 FTE for dentists and 309.8 FTE for dental hygienists. Based on the samples in this report, the greatest need for oral health professionals is in rural, less populous counties; 12 counties (Brown, Crawford, Martin, Newton, Ohio, Pike, Randolph, Pulaski, Switzerland, Starke, Union, Warren) reported 1.0 FTE or less for dentists in general practice or dental hygienists. A great need exists for pediatric dentistry since 81 counties had 0.0 FTE for pediatric dentists. Access to oral health care services is compounded by the low proportion of dentists who accept Medicaid (49.0%) and the fact that over three-quarters (79.6%) do not offer a sliding-fee scale. This report details important demographic and practice characteristics for the oral health workforce and examines these data specifically for dentists and dental hygienists. The 2016 Indiana Oral Health Licensure Survey Data Report presents a snapshot of data on the dentist and dental hygienist professions to provide stakeholders with information needed to improve the quality and accessibility of oral health care for Indiana residents through policymaking, workforce development, and resource allocation.
Dental pain and associated factors in Mexican adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional study
(Elsevier, 2020-12) García-Cortés, José Obed; Mariel-Cárdenas, Jairo; Martinez-Rider, Ricardo; Islas-Zarazúa, Rosalina; de la Rosa-Santillana, Rubén; de Jesús Navarrete-Hernández, José; Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo; Maupomé, Gerardo; Global Health, School of Public Health
Objective: To identify the factors associated with the prevalence of dental pain in Mexican adolescents and young adults. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which data from 638 Mexican subjects, 16–25 years of age, who were randomly selected from college applicants, were analysed. Questionnaires were administered to collect sociodemographic, economic and behavioural variables. Clinical examinations were carried out to determine the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The outcome variable was dichotomised as 0 (no dental pain in the last 12 months) or 1 (dental pain in the last 12 months). Statistical analyses included binary logistic regression. Results: Average age was 18.76 ± 1.76 years, and 49.2% of participants were women. Prevalence of dental pain was 34.0%. In the final model, variables significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the experience of dental pain were the use of preventive dental services (OR = 0.34), being a former smoker (OR = 2.37), self-report of very poor/poor oral health (OR = 1.94) or fair oral health (OR = 1.94), self-reported dental disease (OR = 2.06) or gingival disease (OR = 2.84). Conclusions: The prevalence of dental pain was associated with self-reported oral health status, preventive dental visits and smoking; these results have implications for dental practice. We found that recent experience of dental pain was common in young adults, being reported by one out of three subjects.
Determining The Effects of Fulvic acid on Biofilm/Planktonic Streptococcus Mutans Growth
(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2014-04-11) Botros, Mark; Gregory, Richard L.
Fulvic acid, a major organic compound extract of Shilajit has been the focus of dental research for the past few years. Shilajit, a sticky tar-like substance of dark brownish color, was used during the ancient times, thousands of years ago and continues to be the traditional method today in India to aid with curing bone/cartilage diseases. Shilajit has also been proven to have anti-inflammatory and pain suppressing effects. This experiment determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the lowest concentration of fulvic acid, an active component of shilajit that inhibits the visible growth of S. mutans. This experiment also determined the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) which is the lowest concentration of fulvic acid that kills S. mutans. A 3-day procedure to determine the growth vs inhibition of the S. mutans was conducted and bacterial readings were recorded using a spectrophotometer after treating S. mutans with 10% formaldehyde, crystal violet stain, and iso-propanol with 30-45 minute incubations between each. The experiment determined that very high concentrations of fulvic acid killed S. mutans, while less concentrated fulvic acid inhibited the growth of S. mutans bacterial cells. A solution comprised of a 5% concentration of fulvic acid killed all of the S. mutans; 5.00%, 2.50%, and 1.25% fulvic acid concentrations had bacterial absorbance of 0.000, 0.009, and 0.027, respectively, as compared to the control group’s normal bacterial growth absorbance of 0.254. Additionally, solutions ranging from a two-fold dilution of fulvic acid to six-fold dilution of fulvic acid inhibited the growth of S. mutans. A similar trend was also observed in planktonic and biofilm formation. For all of the above, in the seventh and eighth dilution (0.078% and 0.039% respectively) of the fulvic acid, the growth of S. mutans bacteria was similar to the control group due to the level of dilution. Overall it was observed that fulvic acid is able to kill bacteria in strong concentrations. Additionally it is able to inhibit further growth of bacteria in lower concentrations, but once the solution becomes too dilute, it does not have an effect on bacterial growth. This contributes greatly to the field of oral health because this data can be utilized for further research on oral bacterial growth inhibitors. Furthermore, the data collected here is a significant starting point for research on the specific minimum concentrations necessary to inhibit oral bacteria growth, because this can be used to determine the smallest amounts of fulvic acid, the bacteria the human body can handle.
Distal and Proximal Influences on Self-Reported Oral Pain and Self Rated Oral Health Status in Saudi Arabia, 2017
(2022-08) Abogazalah, Naif Nabel F.; Martinez Mier, Esperanza Angeles; Yepes, Juan Fernando; Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.; Bindayel, Naif A.; Soto Rojas, Armando Ernesto
Although complex phenomena such as oral diseases can be studied using generalizable conceptual frameworks, the differences in the underlying influences across countries necessitate adaptation of existing oral health frameworks to the specific conditions in each country. The aim of this dissertation was to investigate distal (indirect) and proximal (direct) influences of oral health and their interactions with both self-reported oral pain (OP) and self-rated oral health status (SROH) in Saudi Arabia (SA). Two secondary data analyses were conducted utilizing data from the national demographic and health survey (DHS) of SA in 2017. The objective of the first study was to describe the study design, and the distal and proximal influences reported in the 2017 SA DHS. The objective of second study was to explore associations between proximal and distal factors that affect OP and SROH, using the adapted framework. Path analysis modeling was used to estimate direct, indirect, and total effects. The 2017 SA DHS used an innovative multistage stratified random-sampling technique to select the population sample by using primary health care centers’ catchment areas as the primary sampling unit. The final analysis included 29,274 adults, 9910 adolescents, and 11653 children. OP in the past year was experienced in 39% in children and, 48.5% for the adolescents, and 47.1% in adults. The proportion of respondents who reported good, very good, or excellent self-rated oral health status was 92.9 % in children, 87.1% in both adolescents and adults. In children group, OP was linked to less tooth brushing, more dental visits and less dental routine examination, while less favorable SROH was linked to less tooth brushing, more dental visits and sweets consumption. In adolescents and adults groups, OP and less favorable SROH were linked to more dental visits, complaint dental visits, less tooth brushing. Many distal influences showed significant effects (direct, indirect, and total) on OP and SROH; however, differences existed among the three age groups. The studies suggest that future investigations should focus on why Saudi residents perceive their oral health positively while the prevalence of negative oral health influences and OP was high.
Effect of Caffeine on the Growth of Streptococcus mutans
(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) DuBois, Aubrey E.; Gregory, Richard L.
Caffeine consumption is a staple of the typical adult diet. Previous research has demonstrated many possible health benefits of regular consumption of caffeine-containing beverages such as coffee and tea. Coffee may contain up 200 mg caffeine/cup (84 μg/ml). This study investigated the correlation between oral health and caffeine consumption by observing the effects of the compound on the growth of a leading contributor to tooth decay, Streptococcus mutans. Assays were performed to examine the effect of different concentrations of caffeine on both the planktonic and biofilm growth of the bacteria. Caffeine concentrations of 200 and 400 μg/ml demonstrated significant biofilm formation enhancement (p<0.05). Contrastingly, concentrations from 31.25 through 100 μg/ml caused a slight, significant inhibition in biofilm formation. Planktonic growth of S. mutans was marginally inhibited in concentrations of 31.25 through 200 μg/ml. The results of this study indicate a potential for adverse side effects to oral health when caffeine is consumed in high concentrations. Lower concentrations such as those naturally found in coffee and tea may inhibit formation of biofilm and dental plaque, thereby promoting good oral health.
Factors and Outcomes Associated with Dental Care Use Among Medicaid-Enrolled Adults
(2021-12) Taylor, Heather Lynn; Blackburn, Justin; Menachemi, Nir; Holmes, Ann; Schleyer, Titus; Sen, Bisakha
Poor oral health is associated with pain, decreased chewing function, negative social perceptions, and reduced quality of life. Low-income adults disproportionally have worse oral health and use dental services at lower rates than higher-income adults. This disparity is associated with individual demographic and socioeconomic factors, cost and coverage barriers, as well as the supply and location of dental providers. Although the full causal pathway remains elusive, evidence suggests an association with poor oral health and an exacerbation of chronic diseases symptoms. Thus, adequate provision of dental care has important population health implications. Despite this importance, dental care use among low-income adults is particularly underexplored. Furthermore, existing research lacks robust methodological designs to mitigate bias from unobserved confounders. Dental coverage for low-income adults through Medicaid is emerging as a way to provide services to this population. However, given state budget constraints, comprehensive public dental benefits are uncommon or at risk of being cut. Therefore, it is important to quantify the individual and economic value of dental care use among adult Medicaid enrollees. This dissertation examines factors and outcomes associated with dental care use among Medicaid-enrolled adults in Indiana. This dissertation includes three studies 1) a pooled cross-sectional analysis that measures the association of individual and community level factors with dental care use, 2) a repeated measures study with individual fixed effects to examine whether receipt of preventive dental care is associated with fewer subsequent non-preventive dental visits and lower total annual dental expenditures, and 3) an empirical study that utilizes an instrumental variable estimation method to examine the effect of preventive dental visits on medical and pharmacy expenditures. Overall, this dissertation attempts to understand the correlates of dental care use, the effectiveness of preventive dental care, and the association between preventive dental care and medical expenditures.
Healthy Smiles for Employability Program Implementation
(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Bhaheetharan, Jeyanthi; Hendricks, Stephen R; Morgan, Timothy J; Schmit, Erika C
The Near Eastside (NES) Indianapolis community is subject to several negative social determinants of oral health, including low income, which can impede access to oral health care and put residents at a higher risk for oral health problems. The Indiana University School of Dentistry‘s (IUSD) Healthy Smiles for Employability (HSE) program aims to improve oral health, well-being, and employment outcomes in the NES and neighboring communities by providing dentures to low-income and uninsured residents and connecting them with local agencies that provide job assistance services. Program components of HSE include (1) program organization, (2) community engagement, (3) participant recruitment and enrollment, (4) dental and employment services, and (5) program evaluation. Eligible HSE candidates include individuals who are unemployed or underemployed (i.e. income below 200% federal poverty line), seeking to improve their job situation, and perceive the appearance of their teeth (i.e. missing front teeth) as a barrier for greater employment opportunities. Based on the Stages of Change model, HSE targets individuals in an “action” phase who are seeking employment and trying to improve their employment situation. Enrolled HSE participants receive non-denture dental services at the IUSD-Student Outreach Clinic located in the NES at HealthNet People’s Health and Dental Center and denture services at the IUSD Clinic. Collaboration with community organizations such John H. C. Boner Center, Wheeler Mission, People’s Health and Dental Center, and others serves as an immense asset to recruit HSE candidates, provide job advancement and retention services, social services and other essential resources to HSE participants. Ongoing program evaluation serves to increase program effectiveness and organization in order to support the success of HSE including its community partners and participants.
Healthy Smiles for Employability Program in Near Eastside Indianapolis
(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Yoder, Karen
The Near Eastside (NES) Indianapolis community is subject to several negative social determinants of oral health, including low income, which can impede access to oral health care and put residents at a higher risk for oral health problems. The Indiana University School of Dentistry‘s (IUSD) Healthy Smiles for Employability (HSE) program aims to improve oral health, well-being, and employment outcomes in the NES and neighboring communities by providing dentures to low-income and uninsured residents and connecting them with local agencies that provide job assistance services. Program components of HSE include (1) program organization, (2) community engagement, (3) participant recruitment and enrollment, (4) dental and employment services, and (5) program evaluation. Collaboration with community organizations such John H. C. Boner Center, Wheeler Mission, People’s Health and Dental Center, and others serves as an immense asset to recruit HSE candidates, and provide job advancement and retention services, social services as well as other essential resources to HSE participants. The IUSD HSE Community Research Showcase exhibit will feature interactive components relating employability, oral health, and sharing the experiences of HSE participants.

Browsing by Subject "oral health"

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