Browsing by Subject "oral cancer"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Evaluating the Effect of Fulvic Acid on Oral Bacteria and Cancerous Oral Cells
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2014-04-11) Witcher, Phillip; Gregory, Richard L.; Windsor, L. Jack
    Shilajit is a homeopathic treatment used by local inhabitants of India and Pakistan. It may have specific components that inhibit the formation of cavities and the growth of cancer cells. This experiment analyzed the effects of fulvic acid, an active component of shilajit, on the growth of oral bacteria and squamous cell carcinoma. The effect of fulvic acid was evaluated on early Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm formation and established S. mutans biofilm by treating each group with different concentrations of fulvic acid for 24 hours in sterile 96-well flat-bottom microtiter plates. S. mutans was used because it is a common cause of dental caries. The optical density (OD) of the S. mutans biofilm was measured after crystal violet staining using a SpectraMax190; greater growth correlated to greater OD. It was determined that fulvic acid inhibits the growth of newly forming S. mutans biofilm at fulvic acid concentrations greater than 1.25% (vol. %) and established S. mutans biofilm at fulvic acid concentrations greater than 5% (vol. %). To evaluate the effect of fulvic acid on squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-25) cells, six-well plates seeded with SCC-25 cells (1*105 cells/well) were exposed to different concentrations of fulvic acid (buffered to a pH of 7.5) for 72 hours. The cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were measured using a cytotoxicity detection kit and a water soluble tetrazolium kit (Roche Applied Science), respectively. It was determined that fulvic acid inhibits the growth of SCC-25 cells at concentrations of fulvic acid above 2% (volume %). The effects of fulvic acid (0.5%) on matrix metalloproteinase expression and collagen degradation ability of SCC-25 cells is being analyzed. The suppressive mechanisms observed by fulvic acid on both S. mutans and SCC-25 cells could improve overall oral health.
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    Impact of Continuing Education on Clinicians' Self- Reported Knowledge of Tobacco Dependence and Tobacco Control Interventions
    (JScholar, 2018-10-20) Romito, Laura M.; Coan, Lorinda; Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, School of Dentistry
    Purpose: To assess a tobacco cessation continuing education (CE) program for Indiana dental and medical providers. Methods: A 26-item immediate post-CE survey and a 19-item 3-month follow-up survey assessed changes in participants’ self-reported knowledge of tobacco dependence and tobacco control interventions. De-identified data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficients, and Mantel- Haenszel chi-square tests. Results: Participants totaled 252 across 6 programs statewide. Immediate post-CE course survey response was 98.4% (N=248): dental assistants (2%), dental hygienists (83%), dentists (8.5%), and other healthcare professionals (6.45%). Participants reported less knowledge before than immediately after CE (p< .0001) and 3 months after (p<.0001). Reported knowledge at 3 months was less than after CE (p< .002). Participants reported on their intention to apply program communication strategies (99%), implement brief tobacco interventions (85%), and refer patients to local cessation resources (95%), Indiana Quitline (96%). Follow-up survey response rate was 54% (N=136). Participants reported active engagement in tobacco interventions (48%, 78), applying CE communication strategies (85%, 109), and implementing brief interventions (71%, 90). Participants reported referring few patients to local or state quitline counselors. Conclusion:Tobacco dependence CE may enhance health care practitioners’ knowledge and willingness to integrate tobacco interventions in their healthcare settings but it does not ensure a change in clinical tobacco control interventions
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    Inhibition of tropomyosine receptor kinase B on the migration of human Schwann cell and dispersion of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vitro
    (Wiley, 2019-12) Ein, Liliana; Bracho, Olena; Mei, Christine; Patel, Jaimin; Boyle, Thomas; Monje, Paula; Fernandez‐Valle, Cristina; Bas, Esperanza; Thomas, Giovana; Weed, Donald; Sargi, Zoukaa; Dinh, Christine; Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine
    Background Schwann cells (SC) may play an important role in perineural invasion (PNI) by promoting cancer cell dispersion. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may contribute to these cellular events by activating tropomyosine receptor kinase B (TrkB). This study examines the effect of TrkB inhibition on SC migration and oral cancer cell dispersion in vitro. Methods Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC‐9) and human SCs were cocultured in three different conditioned mediums: control, BDNF, and TrkB inhibitor. Cell migration, cancer cell dispersion, and SC dedifferentiation were measured on time‐lapse and immunofluorescence images. Results Cancer cell migration exceeded SC migration in all conditions. TrkB inhibition promoted SC dedifferentiation and significantly increased SC migration, when compared to BDNF conditions. TrkB inhibition also reduced cancer cell dispersion, when compared to control and BDNF‐treated cultures. Conclusion SCs may have importance in the pathophysiology of PNI. TrkB inhibition may be a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention.
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    Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates Associated with Smoking and Chewing Tobacco Use and the Human Development Index in 172 Countries Worldwide: An Ecological Study 2019–2020
    (MDPI, 2023-04-07) Hernández-Morales, Antonio; González-López, Blanca Silvia; Scougall-Vilchis, Rogelio José; Bermeo-Escalona, Josué Roberto; Velázquez-Enríquez, Ulises; Islas-Zarazúa, Rosalina; Márquez-Rodríguez, Sonia; Sosa-Velasco, Taurino Amílcar; Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo; Maupomé, Gerardo
    Tobacco use is associated with diseases worldwide, including cancer. This is one of the major public health problems globally, causing more than 19 million new cases in 2020. Lip and oral cavity cancer (LOCC) is neoplastic growth in the tongue, gums, and lips. The objective of this ecological study was to quantify the strength of the association between incidence and mortality of LOCC, with tobacco use and with the Human Development Index (HDI). Incidence and mortality data on LOCC were obtained for 172 countries in 2020, from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN). The prevalence of tobacco smoking and chewing was obtained from reports conducted in 2019. The inequality in human development was estimated using the HDI from the United Nations Development Program, Human Development Report (2019). Statistically significant correlations were observed between the incidence of LOCC and tobacco smoking and chewing prevalence, except for negative correlations between the prevalence of tobacco smoking LOCC mortality in women, just as in the case of the HDI. No statistically significant differences were found between the prevalence of tobacco chewing only and the incidence of LOCC overall and by sex. A higher LOCC incidence overall and by sex was associated with higher HDI. In conclusion, the present study found positive correlations for various HDI socioeconomic indicators and tobacco use with the incidence and mortality of LOCC, but also a few inverse correlations.