Browsing by Subject "minority health"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Impact on patient satisfaction and importance of medical intake and office staff in a multidisciplinary, one-stop shop transgender program in Indianapolis, Indiana
    (Dove, 2018-08-15) Nowaskie, Dustin Z.; Fogel, Rahel S.; Fogel, Janine M.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Background: Historically, the transgender population has postponed seeking primary care due to discrimination within social and medical settings. Very few studies have considered patient satisfaction with transgender care and whether there are differences in staff satisfaction. This cross-sectional study focuses on the satisfaction of transgender patients who receive primary care at a comprehensive, “one-stop shop” program in Indianapolis, IN, USA. Methods: Sixty-two patients completed a patient satisfaction survey. Items consisted of 5-point Likert scales with anchors of satisfaction, caring, competence, and doctor recommendation. Results: Overall, there were positive responses to all items, ranging from moderately high to very high. There was high overall satisfaction in the program’s trans-friendliness, office visits, and “one-stop shop” model. Lower scoring items concerned medical intake with appointment making and timing. There were no statistical differences across age, gender, education, duration at the program, and number of visits in the past 12 months. There were clear differences between how respondents viewed the care and competence of the program’s staff. In particular, the doctor was viewed most positively and office staff least positively with medical staff rated in-between. Conclusion: There is high patient satisfaction with this comprehensive, “one-stop shop” care model among the transgender population. We recommend that transgender programs routinely conduct quality improvement measures, maintain sufficient workforce coverage, and provide cultural competency training which should include appropriate care standards and patient-centered concerns regarding appointment making and burdens associated with timing, traveling, and cost.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Implementing Infant Safe Sleep Education to Improve Parental Self-Efficacy in Rural Indiana: A Doctoral Capstone Report
    (2022-08) Parks, Mary C.; Albright, Megan; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences; Zarate, Monica
    Research indicates that poor self-efficacy can negatively impact successful engagement in the occupation of parenting. In addition to hurting parents’ sense of competence, a lack of preparedness and knowledge can also be dangerous, as evidenced by the nearly 3,500 infant deaths which occur in the United States annually from mostly preventable sleep-related causes. Due to a variety of factors, members of minority and rural communities often have more difficulty accessing resources such as health- and parenting-related education. Because of this, the author chose to design and implement a doctoral capstone project in Clinton County, IN, a rural community with a large Hispanic/Latino immigrant population. The project centered on the creation of accessible, culturally sensitive educational resources on safe sleep and SIDS prevention to increase awareness of safe sleep practices and improve the self-efficacy of Hispanic and Latino parents in Clinton County. A brief educational presentation, along with pre- and post-surveys were created and delivered in partnership with a local organization to 15 Hispanic and one Caucasian community member. The survey results indicated a clear increase in participants’ knowledge and understanding of safe sleep and SIDS prevention practices, along with their confidence in their own abilities to keep infants safe during sleep. These results are indicative that increased access to culturally sensitive educational resources for minority members of rural communities is both necessary and beneficial for increasing the self-efficacy and success of parents within these communities.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes Complications in the Northeastern United States: The Role of Socioeconomic Status
    (2013) Osborn, Chandra Y.; de Groot, Mary; Wagner, Julie A.
    The role of socioeconomic status (SES) in explaining racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes remains unclear. We investigated disparities in self-reported diabetes complications, and the role of macro (e.g., income, education) and micro (e.g., ‘owning a home’ or ‘having a checking account’) SES indicators in explaining these differences. The sample included individuals with a diagnosis of diabetes (N=795) who were on average 55 years old, and 55.6% non-Hispanic White, 25.0% African American, and 19.4% Hispanic. Approximately 8% reported nephropathy, 35% reported retinopathy, and 16% reported cardiovascular disease. There were significant disparities in the rates of complications among non-Hispanic White, African American and Hispanic participants, with Hispanics having the highest rates of nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease. Macro SES indicators (e.g., income) mediated racial differences (i.e., non-Hispanic Whites vs. African Americans) in self-reported retinopathy, a combination of macro and more micro SES indicators (e.g., education, income, and ‘owning a home’ or ‘having a checking account’) mediated racial/ethnic differences (i.e., non-Hispanic Whites vs. Hispanics) in self-reported cardiovascular disease, and only micro SES indicators (e.g., ‘owning a home’ or ‘having a checking account’) mediated differences between lower income SES racial/ethnic minority groups (i.e., African Americans vs. Hispanics) in self-reported retinopathy and cardiovascular disease. Findings underscore that indicators of SES must be sensitive to the outcome of interest and the racial/ethnic groups being compared.