Browsing by Subject "men"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Controversies in the management of clinical stage 1 testis cancer
    (Canadian Urological Association, 2020-11) Nason, Gregory J.; Chung, Peter; Warde, Padraig; Huddart, Robert; Albers, Peter; Kollmannsberger, Christian; Booth, Christopher M.; Hansen, Aaron R.; Bedard, Philippe L.; Einhorn, Lawrence; Nichols, Craig; Rendon, Ricardo A.; Wood, Lori; Jewett, Michael A.S.; Hamilton, Robert J.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    In November 2018, The Canadian Testis Cancer Workshop was convened. The two-day workshop involved urologists, medical and radiation oncologists, pathologists, radiologists, physician’s assistants, residents and fellows, nurses, patients and patient advocacy groups. One of the goals of the workshop was to discuss the challenging areas of testis cancer care where guidelines may not be specific. The objective was to distill through discussion around cases, expert approach to working through these challenges. Herein we present a summary of discussion from the workshop around controversies in the management of clinical stage 1 (CS1) disease. CS1 represents organ confined non-metastatic testis cancer that represents approximately 70-80% of men at presentation. Regardless of management, CS1 has an excellent prognosis. However, without adjuvant treatment, approximately 30% of CS1 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) and 15% of CS1 seminoma relapse. The workshop reviewed that while surveillance has become the standard for the majority of patients with CS1 disease there remains debate in the management of patients at high-risk of relapse. The controversy in the management of CS1 testis cancer surrounds the optimal balance between the morbidity of overtreatment and the identification of patients who may derive most benefit from adjuvant treatment. The challenge lies in a shared decision process where discussion of options extends beyond the simple risk of relapse but to include the long-term toxicities of adjuvant treatments and the favorable cancer-specific survival.
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    Defining the Urethritis Syndrome in Men Using Patient Reported Symptoms
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2018-01) Jordan, Stephen J.; Aaron, Kristal J.; Schwebke, Jane R.; Van Der Pol, Barbara J.; Hook, Edward W., III; Medicine, School of Medicine
    To evaluate self-reported symptoms to guide urethritis diagnosis, symptomatic men being evaluated for urethritis were asked about seven symptoms captured during history-taking. Discharge and dysuria were significantly associated with urethritis and, when combined with genital irritation and itching, identified 95% of urethritis cases; odor and urinary frequency performed poorly.
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    Evaluation of Clinical, Gram Stain, and Microbiological Cure Outcomes in Men Receiving Azithromycin for Acute Nongonococcal Urethritis: Discordant Cures Are Associated With Mycoplasma genitalium Infection
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2022-01) Toh, Evelyn; Gao, Xiang; Williams, James A.; Batteiger, Teresa A.; Coss, Lisa A.; LaPradd, Michelle; Ren, Jie; Geisler, William M.; Xing, Yue; Dong, Qunfeng; Nelson, David E.; Jordan, Stephen J.; Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
    Background In men with nongonococcal urethritis (NGU), clinicians and patients rely on clinical cure to guide the need for additional testing/treatment and when to resume sex, respectively; however, discordant clinical and microbiological cure outcomes do occur. How accurately clinical cure reflects microbiological cure in specific sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is unclear. Methods Men with NGU were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Trichomonas vaginalis, urethrotropic Neisseria meningitidis ST-11 clade strains, and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU). Men received azithromycin 1 g and returned for a 1-month test-of-cure visit. In MG infections, we evaluated for the presence of macrolide resistance-mediating mutations (MRMs) and investigated alternate hypotheses for microbiological treatment failure using in situ shotgun metagenomic sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, multilocus sequence typing analyses, and quantitative PCR. Results Of 280 men with NGU, 121 were included in this analysis. In the monoinfection group, 52 had CT, 16 had MG, 7 had UU, 10 had mixed infection, and 36 men had idiopathic NGU. Clinical cure rates were 85% for CT, 100% for UU, 50% for MG, and 67% for idiopathic NGU. Clinical cure accurately predicted microbiological cure for all STIs, except MG. Discordant results were significantly associated with MG-NGU and predominantly reflected microbiological failure in men with clinical cure. Mycoplasma genitalium MRMs, but not MG load or strain, were strongly associated with microbiological failure. Conclusions In azithromycin-treated NGU, clinical cure predicts microbiological cure for all STIs, except MG. Nongonococcal urethritis management should include MG testing and confirmation of microbiological cure in azithromycin-treated MG-NGU when MRM testing is unavailable.
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    How Women and Men Approach Impact Investing
    (2018-05-22) Osili, Una; Mesch, Debra; Ackerman, Jacqueline; Bergdoll, Jonathan; Preston, Linh; Pactor, Andrea
    The term impact investing evokes widespread interest, but few people have a deep understanding of the topic, and even fewer practice impact investing. What is impact investing? Who uses this investment strategy, and what are their objectives? Impact investing is relatively new and has developed rapidly over the last decade. The term itself was introduced in 2007 when the Rockefeller Foundation convened leaders in the fields of finance, philanthropy, and development, with the aim of building an industry of investing for impact.1 While a great deal has been written about the subject, most of this work comes from the world of finance and asks questions about financial return, comparing impact investing with investing purely for profit. The practice of impact investing is evolving exponentially, in contrast to research on this still-underexplored subject.
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    The Impact of Advertisement Messaging on Enrollment of Young Men Who Have Sex With Men for Web-Based Research: Observational Study
    (2020) Fontenot, Holly B.; Abuelezam, Nadia N.; Rosenberger, Joshua G.; Novak, David; Mayer, Kenneth H.; Zimet, Gregory; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Background: Recruiting young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in community settings is difficult. The use of Web-based social networks and dating apps for recruitment can be successful approaches, although little work has been done on the impact of study advertisement content on recruitment. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of advertisement message content on the recruitment of YMSM (aged 18-26 years) for a Web-based focus group study, examining perspectives and preferences for a mobile app that was designed to support sexual health among YMSM. Methods: Between March and April 2017, a recruitment campaign to promote human papillomavirus vaccination was launched on a popular social networking and dating app for YMSM, with 3 different text-based advertisement themes (technology, cancer prevention, and sexual innuendo). The campaign recruited YMSM across 3 states (Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania). We examined the click-through rates, conversion rates, and enrollment rates of each of the advertisements and examined differences in views and clicks by age, state, and time of day. Results: The sexual innuendo advertisement had the highest click rates when compared with both the technology (click rate ratio [CRR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.74-2.45) and cancer prevention (CRR 1.62, 95% CI 1.38-1.90) advertisements. The sexual innuendo advertisement also had higher study enrollment rates compared with the technology (CRR 1.90, 95% CI 1.23-2.83) and cancer prevention (CRR 2.06, 95% CI 1.37-3.13) advertisements. No differences were observed in clicks or enrollment by age, state, or time of day. Conclusions: Our marketing campaign, targeting YMSM, was effective in recruiting participants for a qualitative study, using Web-based focus groups. The sexual innuendo advertisement was the most effective and cost-efficient advertisement of the 3 approaches trialed. Different populations need different targeted strategies for study recruitment. Researchers should work with key representatives to develop and test culturally relevant messaging and approaches that utilize current and popular technologies.
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    Solving the Problem with Problem Solving: Increasing Leadership Selfefficacy in Female Professionals through Problem Solving
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Donnelly, Kaelyn M.
    In today’s world women are earning more degrees and asserting themselves in the professional world more than ever before. Despite their advancements, a disparity still exists between the number of men in leadership positions and the number of women in leadership positions in the United States workforce. Women have proven themselves to be qualified for high power positions, but there is still a barrier which prevents women from attaining equality in the positions of greatest power in a variety of organizations and fields. One such barrier is gender stereotypes, which lead to gender bias and low self-efficacy. Women are perceived to be better at stereotypically “feminine” behaviors such as caretaking, and are not seen as effective problem solvers. This perception leads to problems for aspiring female professionals, as problem solving is a gauge for assessing leadership acumen and ability. If women are perceived as lacking in the area that establishes leadership ability, this may be a contributing factor to explain gender inequality in leadership positions. This study seeks to explore how female leaders can utilize a problem solving process that integrates co-design in order to increase leadership self-efficacy and be more collaborative and visible problem solvers. To do this, the areas of problem solving, codesign and self-efficacy will be explored through a variety of collaborative and generative research methods such as contextual analysis of secondary research, interviews, surveys, focus groups and interactive research sessions. Problem solving will be explored to gain a better understanding of why it is an indicator of leadership ability and how problem-solving skills can be made more visible. Co-design is a creative approach to problem solving that utilizes collaboration, creativity, visual elements, generative tools and is appropriate for a variety of contexts. By including this element into the problem solving process, women may become more confident and visible problem solvers with a variety of tools to utilize in their everyday practice. An examination of self-efficacy will determine if having a process with specific tools and methods to utilize will empower women and increase their confidence. Providing female leaders with a set of tools in the form of a problem solving process workbook to help them become more comfortable and confident with problem solving may lead them to take on more responsibility and roles that showcase their problem solving skills. By positioning themselves to demonstrate their skills, exposure to effective female problem solvers may help to evolve this gender stereotype.