Browsing by Subject "law enforcement"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    CDASH: Community Data Analytics for Social Harm Prevention
    (IEEE, 2018-09) Pandey, Saurabh; Chowdhury, Nahida; Patil, Milan; Raje, Rajeev R.; Shreyas, C. S.; Mohler, George; Carter, Jeremy; Computer and Information Science, School of Science
    Communities are adversely affected by heterogeneous social harm events (e.g., crime, traffic crashes, medical emergencies, drug use) and police, fire, health and social service departments are tasked with mitigating social harm through various types of interventions. Smart cities of the future will need to leverage IoT, data analytics, and government and community human resources to most effectively reduce social harm. Currently, methods for collection, analysis, and modeling of heterogeneous social harm data to identify government actions to improve quality of life are needed. In this paper we propose a system, CDASH, for synthesizing heterogeneous social harm data from multiples sources, identifying social harm risks in space and time, and communicating the risk to the relevant community resources best equipped to intervene. We discuss the design, architecture, and performance of CDASH. CDASH allows users to report live social harm events using mobile hand-held devices and web browsers and flags high risk areas for law enforcement and first responders. To validate the methodology, we run simulations on historical social harm event data in Indianapolis illustrating the advantages of CDASH over recently introduced social harm indices and existing point process methods used for predictive policing.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Intelligence Fusion Process for State, Local and Tribal Law Enforcement
    (2009-12) Carter, David L.; Carter, Jeremy G.
    Intelligence fusion centers have grown rapidly in the last few years as state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies have attempted to find the best way to share information about threats to their communities. The Department of Homeland Security and the Information Sharing Environment of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence embraced fusion centers as being an important mechanism to aid them in their missions to share terrorism information among law enforcement, the private sector, and the intelligence community. The development and management of fusion centers have received significant guidance from the Justice Department, via the Global Intelligence Working Group, by developing standards for structure and processes. Critics, however, are concerned that the centers have inadequate protections for privacy and civil rights. This article examines issues in the development of fusion centers and provides an examination of the support for and criticisms of such agencies.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A Mixed-Method Analysis of Fatal Attacks on Police by Far-Right Extremists
    (Sage, 2016-06) Gruenewald, Jeff; Dooley, Kiefer Michael G.; Suttmoeller, Michael J.; Chermak, Steven M.; Freilich, Joshua D.; School of Public and Environmental Affairs
    Several recent high-profile homicides of police officers have brought increased attention to issues of far-right extremist violence in the United States. We still, however, know very little about why (and how) certain encounters between far-right extremists and police result in violence. To fill this research gap, we conduct a mixed-method analysis of far-right antipolice homicides based on quantitative and qualitative data from the U.S. Extremist Crime Database. We begin by categorizing cases based on key aspects of homicide storylines. We then comparatively analyze attributes of event precursor, transaction, and aftermath stages across four storyline categories. Finally, a case study is purposively selected to follow-up on each storyline category to better capture the nuances of fluid homicide processes. Our findings have important implications for identifying triggering events, escalation factors, and other situated sets of conditions and circumstances that contribute to deadly outcomes for police officers.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Police Officer Attitudes towards Intranasal Naloxone Training
    (Elsevier, 2015-01) Ray, Bradley; O'Donnell, Daniel; Kahre, Kailyn; School of Public and Environmental Affairs
    Background One approach to reduce fatal opioid overdose is by distributing naloxone to law enforcement officers. While several cities have implemented these naloxone programs, little research has investigated officer attitudes about their training. The present research attempts to fill this gap by analyzing survey data from police officers following intranasal naloxone training. Methods All of the police officers within the same district in Indianapolis, Indiana, underwent training to recognize opioid overdose and to administer intranasal naloxone (N = 117). Following training, officers completed a survey that measured prior experience with opioid overdose, perceived importance of training, and items from the Opioid Overdose Attitudes Scale (OOAS) to measure attitudes following training. Results The officers had overwhelmingly positive feelings about the training, that it was not difficult, and that other officers should be trained to use naloxone. The OOAS items suggest that officers know the appropriate actions to take in the event of an overdose and feel that administering intranasal naloxone will not be difficult. Finally, we found that officers who had more experience with opioid overdose had more positive attitudes about the training. Conclusion Distributing naloxone to police officers is likely a trend that will continue so it is important to understand how police officers respond to training to assure that future trainings are as effective as possible. Further research is needed to investigate the impact that these programs have on the community.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Utility of Fusion Centres to Enhance Intelligence-Led Policing: An Exploration of End-Users
    (Oxford, 2018-06) Lewandowski, Carla; Carter, Jeremy G.; Campbell, Walter L.; School of Public and Environmental Affairs
    A developing literature on intelligence-led policing (ILP) and law enforcement fusion centres contends that intelligence and data-driven policing practices can be enhanced through improved intelligence dissemination from fusion centres. The literature has remained relatively silent on the extent to which law enforcement has connectivity with fusion centres, perceive fusion centre products to be useful, and further share intelligence products within their agency. The present study informs this knowledge gap using data gathered via an online survey of law enforcement subscribed to receive fusion centre products. Bivariate logistic regression models showed that rural agencies tend to be the most informed about the fusion centre of study while a disconnect was observed between the fusion centre with respect to frontline personnel and analysts; especially in urban police, health, and fire organizations. Implications for research and practice are discussed.