Browsing by Subject "lactation"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Delayed Lactogenesis II is Associated With Lower Sleep Efficiency and Greater Variation in Nightly Sleep Duration in the Third Trimester
    (Sage, 2019-06) Casey, Theresa; Sun, Hui; Burgess, Helen J.; Crodian, Jennifer; Dowden, Shelley; Cummings, Shelby; Plaut, Karen; Haas, David; Zhang, Lingsong; Ahmed, Azza; Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine
    Background: Metabolic and hormonal disturbances are associated with sleep disturbances and delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Research aims: The aim of this study was to measure sleep using wrist actigraphy during gestation weeks 22 and 32 to determine if sleep characteristics were associated with blood glucose, body mass index, gestational related disease, delayed onset of lactogenesis II, or work schedule. Methods: Demographic data were collected at study intake from primiparous women who wore a wrist actigraph during gestation weeks 22 (n = 50) and 32 (n = 44). Start and end sleep time, total nighttime sleep, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation were measured. Night to night variability was assessed with the root mean square of successive difference. Blood glucose levels, body mass index, and gestational disease data were abstracted from medical charts. Timing of lactogenesis II was determined by survey. Results: Between gestation week 22 and 32, sleep efficiency decreased and fragmentation increased (p < .05). During gestation week 32, blood glucose was negatively correlated with sleep duration, and positively related to fragmentation (p < .05). Women who experienced delayed lactogenesis II had lower sleep efficiency and greater fragmentation (p < .05), and greater night-to-night variability in sleep start and end time, efficiency, and duration during gestation week 32 (p < .05). Conclusion: Women with better sleep efficiency and more stable nightly sleep time are less likely to experience delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Interventions to improve sleep may improve maternal health and breastfeeding adequacy.
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    Management of Glaucoma in Pregnancy
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2019-07) Mathew, Sunu; Harris, Alon; Ridenour, Colin M.; Wirostko, Barbara M.; Burgett, Kendall M.; Scripture, Molly D.; Siesky, Brent; Ophthalmology, School of Medicine
    Management of glaucoma during pregnancy represents a challenge for the physician. Important disease and patient health decisions begin even prior to conception and continue throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding. Data on this topic is limited due to ethical and legal constraints and challenges of conducting large, prospective, and randomized clinical trials on this patient population. Our review suggests that individually, intraocular pressure is lower in a pregnant woman when compared to a non-pregnant woman. Importantly, the medical management of glaucoma during pregnancy poses special challenges due to the possibility of adverse effects of medications on the fetus and newborn. Laser trabeculoplasty and traditional filtration surgery, as well as minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, represent non-drug management options. Thus, managing glaucoma in pregnancy is a delicate balance between treatment to prevent damage to the optic nerve in the mother and avoidance of interventions potentially harmful to the fetus. This literature review of published individual and population-based studies was performed in order to explore current knowledge and guidelines in the management of glaucoma in pregnancy.
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    A pharmacometrician’s role in enhancing medication use in pregnancy and lactation
    (Springer, 2020-08-16) Quinney, Sara K.; Bonate, Peter L.; Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine