Browsing by Subject "hearing loss"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Accommodating a Student with Hearing Loss in the Medical Curriculum: A Case Study
    (2025-04-25) Martin, Angelika; Hoffman, Leslie; Russell, Abigail
    Despite legislative advancements like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)1, Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) individuals remain underrepresented in medical education2 as many institutions lack adequate support systems to accommodate their needs.3 This case study documents the comprehensive support strategies implemented to address the challenges faced by a DHH learner throughout the entirety of undergraduate medical education, spanning both didactic and clinical settings. The student, with severe hearing loss in one ear and profound loss in the other, utilized a combination of oral communication, lip-reading, a Bluetooth-enabled hearing aid, and a cochlear implant. The student successfully navigated both foundational and clinical phases of medical education, overcoming barriers such as poor acoustics, overlapping communications, background noise, and the need for clear visual cues. Key strategies included the use of speech-to-text services such as Communication Access Real-Time Translation (CART) services, assistive listening devices such as microphones and amplifying stethoscopes, minimizing background noise, strategic positioning in classrooms or patient rooms, and utilizing the teach-back strategy. The study spans from pre-matriculation disclosure and accommodation planning, classroom teaching of foundational sciences to the completion of clinical clerkships and individualized career exploration electives. By detailing our approach and the successful integration of tailored and proactive accommodations, we provide valuable insights for educators aiming to support DHH students. This case study contributes to the literature by being the first to document such extensive accommodations across both didactic and clinical curricula. Our experience underscores the importance of creating an equitable and accessible environment, paving the way for a more diverse physician workforce and enhancing healthcare for the DHH community. The student's successful completion of the program and subsequent residency match underscores the potential for DHH individuals to thrive in medical education with appropriate support.
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    Clinical and Genome-wide Analysis of Cisplatin-induced Tinnitus Implicates Novel Ototoxic Mechanisms
    (American Association for Cancer Research, 2019-07-01) Charif, Omar El; Mapes, Brandon; Trendowski, Matthew R.; Wheeler, Heather E.; Wing, Claudia; Dinh, Paul C.; Frisina, Robert D.; Feldman, Darren R.; Hamilton, Robert J.; Vaughn, David J.; Fung, Chunkit; Kollmannsberger, Christian; Mushiroda, Taisei; Kubo, Michiaki; Gamazon, Eric R.; Cox, Nancy J.; Huddart, Robert; Ardeshir-Rouhani-Fard, Shirin; Monahan, Patrick; Fossa, Sophie D.; Einhorn, Lawrence H.; Travis, Lois B.; Dolan, M. Eileen; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic, results in tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound. Our purpose was to identify the clinical and genetic determinants of tinnitus among testicular cancer survivors (TCS) following cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Experimental Design: TCS (n= 762) were dichotomized to cases (moderate/severe tinnitus; n=154) and controls (none; n=608). Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations with comorbidities and SNP dosages in GWAS following quality control and imputation (covariates: age, noise exposure, cisplatin dose, genetic principal components). Pathway over-representation tests and functional studies in mouse auditory cells were performed. Results: Cisplatin-induced tinnitus (CisIT) significantly associated with age at diagnosis (P=0.007) and cumulative cisplatin dose (P=0.007). CisIT prevalence was not significantly greater in 400 mg/m2-treated TCS compared to 300 (P=0.41), but doses >400 mg/m2 (median 580, range 402–828) increased risk by 2.61-fold (P<0.0001). CisIT cases had worse hearing at each frequency (0.25–12 kHz, P<0.0001), and reported more vertigo (OR=6.47; P<0.0001) and problems hearing in a crowd (OR=8.22; P<0.0001) than controls. Cases reported poorer health (P=0.0005) and greater psychotropic medication use (OR=2.4; P=0.003). GWAS suggested a variant near OTOS (rs7606353, P=2×10−6) and OTOS eQTLs were significantly enriched independently of that SNP (P=0.018). OTOS overexpression in HEI-OC1, a mouse auditory cell line, resulted in resistance to cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Pathway analysis implicated potassium ion transport (q=0.007). Conclusions: CisIT associated with several neuro-otological symptoms, increased use of psychotropic medication, and poorer health. OTOS, expressed in the cochlear lateral wall, was implicated as protective. Future studies should investigate otoprotective targets in supporting cochlear cells.
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    Developing the Persian Version of Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale
    (Negah Institute for Scientific Communication, 2019-03) Darouie, Akbar; Joulaie, Mamak; Abdollahi, Farzaneh Zamiri; McConkey Robbins, Amy; Zarepour, Somayeh; Ahmadi, Tayebeh; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Objectives: Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) is a useful tool for the quantitative evaluation of auditory behaviors in different situations. The present study aimed to develop the Persian version of IT-MAIS. Methods: There was 4 main steps in the translation and validation of the scale, as follows: forward translation, synthesis, backward translation, and expert committee discussion. Then, the final Persian version of the scale was analyzed in terms of reliability and validity. The scale was studied on the parents of 17 hearing impaired and 17 normal hearing children. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean score of scale between hearing impaired and normal hearing children (P≤0.001). The internal consistency of the items was satisfactory. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall score was 0.93. Discussion: This study suggested that IT-MAIS-F can be a reliable and valid tool for the evaluation of the auditory function of children. However, the sample size of the study was small. Thus, studies with larger sample sizes are recommended. In addition, test-retest reliability of the scale was not studied.
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    Effects of congenital hearing loss and cochlear implantation on audiovisual speech perception in infants and children
    (IOS Press, 2010) Bergeson, Tonya R.; Houston, Derek M.; Miyamoto, Richard T.; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Purpose Cochlear implantation has recently become available as an intervention strategy for young children with profound hearing impairment. In fact, infants as young as 6 months are now receiving cochlear implants (CIs), and even younger infants are being fitted with hearing aids (HAs). Because early audiovisual experience may be important for normal development of speech perception, it is important to investigate the effects of a period of auditory deprivation and amplification type on multimodal perceptual processes of infants and children. The purpose of this study was to investigate audiovisual perception skills in normal-hearing (NH) infants and children and deaf infants and children with CIs and HAs of similar chronological ages. Methods We used an Intermodal Preferential Looking Paradigm to present the same woman’s face articulating two words (“judge” and “back”) in temporal synchrony on two sides of a TV monitor, along with an auditory presentation of one of the words. Results The results showed that NH infants and children spontaneously matched auditory and visual information in spoken words; deaf infants and children with HAs did not integrate the audiovisual information; and deaf infants and children with CIs initially did not initially integrate the audiovisual information but gradually matched the auditory and visual information in spoken words. Conclusions These results suggest that a period of auditory deprivation affects multimodal perceptual processes that may begin to develop normally after several months of auditory experience.
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    Prevalence and Risk Factors for Ototoxicity After Cisplatin-based Chemotherapy
    (Springer Nature, 2023-02) Sanchez, Victoria A.; Dinh, Paul C.; Rooker, Jennessa; Monahan, Patrick O.; Althouse, Sandra K.; Fung, Chunkit; Sesso, Howard D.; Einhorn, Lawrence H.; Dolan, M. Eileen; Frisina, Robert D.; Travis, Lois B.; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Purpose Ototoxicity is a prominent side effect of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. There are few reports, however, estimating its prevalence in well-defined cohorts and associated risk factors. Methods Testicular cancer (TC) survivors given first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy completed validated questionnaires. Descriptive statistics evaluated the prevalence of ototoxicity, defined as self-reported hearing loss and/or tinnitus. We compared patients with and without tinnitus or hearing loss using Chi-square test, two-sided Fisher’s exact test, or two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test. To evaluate ototoxicity risk factors, a backward selection logistic regression procedure was performed. Results Of 145 TC survivors, 74% reported ototoxicity: 68% tinnitus; 59% hearing loss; and 52% reported both. TC survivors with tinnitus were more likely to indicate hypercholesterolemia (P = 0.008), and difficulty hearing (P < .001). Tinnitus was also significantly related to age at survey completion (OR = 1.79; P = 0.003) and cumulative cisplatin dose (OR = 5.17; P < 0.001). TC survivors with hearing loss were more likely to report diabetes (P = 0.042), hypertension (P = 0.007), hypercholesterolemia (P < 0.001), and family history of hearing loss (P = 0.044). Risk factors for hearing loss included age at survey completion (OR = 1.57; P = 0.036), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 3.45; P = 0.007), cumulative cisplatin dose (OR = 1.94; P = 0.049), and family history of hearing loss (OR = 2.87; P = 0.071). Conclusions Ototoxicity risk factors included age, cisplatin dose, cardiovascular risk factors, and family history of hearing loss. Three of four TC survivors report some type of ototoxicity; thus, follow-up of cisplatin-treated survivors should include routine assessment for ototoxicity with provision of indicated treatments.