Browsing by Subject "health promotion"
Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item A Window Into Mental Health: Developing and Pilot-Testing a Mental Health Promotion Intervention for Mexican Immigrants Through the Ventanilla de Salud Program(Frontiers, 2022-04-14) Rodríguez, Delia Lilian Martínez; Vázquez, Tonatiuh González; Serrano, Margarita Márquez; de Groot, Mary; Fernandez, Alicia; Casanova, Ines Gonzalez; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground Mexican immigrants in the United States face mental health challenges, disparities, and limited access to healthcare; however, mental health promotion efforts specifically targeting this population have been insufficient. The objective of this study was to develop and test a mental health promotion intervention based on protective mental health factors and coping strategies for Mexican immigrants recruited through a free, consulate-based program in Atlanta. Material and Methods Working with the Ventanilla de Salud program, we conducted a longitudinal study in three phases: formative research and design, pre-intervention assessment and post-implementation evaluation. The intervention was designed based on the health promotion model and interviews with stakeholders. Qualitative information was collected by semi-structured interviews with participants before and after the intervention. Quantitative outcomes were knowledge about protective factors and coping mechanisms, and psychosocial distress. Differences were assessed using the Wilcoxon non-parametrical test. Intent-to-treat analysis was conducted with all participants who signed the informed consent (carrying last observation forward), and a complete case analysis was conducted with those who attended at least 70% of the sessions and completed the post- implementation evaluation. Results Twenty-five participants were enrolled in the intervention. Mean age was 38 years, and the majority were women. Only nine participants attended at least 70% of the sessions and completed the final evaluation. Men, those who did not complete high school, and workers in service or construction jobs were more likely to drop out. Knowledge about protective factors [pre- vs. post-intervention median (inter-quartile range) = 111 (100, 120) vs. 115 (100, 124)] and coping mechanisms [96 (85, 104) vs. 99 (90, 110)], as well as psychosocial distress [3 (2, 3) vs. 2 (2, 3)] improved after the intervention in both intent-to treat and complete case analyses (p < 0.05). Qualitative results also support improvements in targeted protective factors. Discussion The intervention was successful in improving psychological distress among Mexican immigrants. These results support the implementation of evidence-based mental health promotion interventions among Mexican immigrants via free and familiar programs. A limitation was the high attrition; future studies should explore approaches to improve retention in this population.Item Beyond Disease: Technologies for Health Promotion(Sage, 2019-09) Holden, Richard J.; Valdez, Rupa S.; Medicine, School of MedicineHealth promotion is defined by the World Health Organization as “the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health.” This is different from the bulk of formal healthcare processes, which are characterized by the treatment of an established disease. Much important human factors research and practice has been done to improve the healthcare delivery process and increasingly human factors professionals are also involved in work on health promotion. Such work has included examining the use and usability of wearable fitness tracking devices, studies of online health information seeking by healthy individuals, and human factors research on social robots for older adults, to name but a few examples. We discuss human factors applications in health promotion, focusing on examples from technology-related research.Item Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale Validity Evidence for Brazil(UNIFESP, 2020) Moreira, Camila Brasil; Carvalho Fernandes, Ana Fátima; Champion, Victoria; Dahinten, Virginia Susan; da Silva Carvalho Vila, Vanessa; Howard, Amanda Fuchsia; Oliveira Batista Oriá, Mônica; Schirmer, Janine; School of NursingObjective Performing translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) for use in Brazil for mammographic screening, and verify the validity evidence of the Brazilian version of this scale. Methods Methodological study, conducted with 206 women attending a Basic Health Unit, in the city of Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil, from August 2015 to December 2017. The scale went through a process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation, including face and content validation. Afterwards, validity evidence was verified (1.Vality based on internal structure, assessed by exploratory analysis, with varimax orthogonal rotation and retention of factors by parallel analyzes; 2. Reliability from Cronbach’s alpha homogeneity and test-retest stability). Results In face and content validation, the tool showed good acceptance among the judges and the target audience. The final exploratory factor analysis model resulted in a seven-item scale, divided into three domains, with an explained variance of 71.4%, with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.50 to 0.88. For scale reliability, Pearson r and Spearman ρ showed high reliability (0.997 and 0.986). Conclusion The Brazilian version of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale provides good evidence of validity based on internal structure and is reliable. It may be used in Brazil to assess mammography compliance monitoring.Item Communicating breast cancer risk information to young adult women: A pilot study(Routledge, 2017-05-04) Bernat, Jennifer K.; Hullmann, Stephanie E.; Sparks, Glenn G.; Psychiatry, School of MedicineObjective To examine the effectiveness of a health promotion flyer to increase awareness of breast cancer risk and physical activity as a risk reduction strategy in young adult women. Methods Young adult women (N = 123) viewed one of five health promotion flyers online and then completed measures of perceived breast cancer risk (PR) and perceived informativeness (PI) and a qualitative thought-listing activity. Results Differences were observed in PI such that the control and low risk/low information messages were significantly less informative than the others. Qualitative analyses revealed two general themes: message content and flyer design. Additional analyses of the flyer design comments revealed four sub-themes: negative thoughts about the image, positive thoughts about the image, misunderstanding breast cancer risk information, and social comparison. Exploratory analyses controlling for message type indicated that image appraisal predicted PI such that those who commented on the image found the flyer to be less informative. Discussion Results suggest that the flyer was informative but did not impact young women’s breast cancer risk perceptions. Additionally, the image may have distracted young women from the intended message. Evaluating the acceptability of images used in health promotion materials is recommended before testing the effectiveness of the intervention.Item Development of an Occupational Therapy Health Promotion Group Protocol in a Gender Diverse Population(2024-05-06) Schrader, Kate; DeRolf, Annie; Wasmuth, Sally; DeRolf, Annie; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences; Wasmuth, SallyThe transgender and gender diverse (TGD) population faces systemic and individual discrimination, high rates of poverty and houselessness, and a frequent lack of social support. TGD patients also have higher instances of mental illness and neurodiversity which can be a barrier to accessing healthcare and establishing health behaviors. Considering these disparities and the complex medical needs of TGD patients, it is imperative to increase equitable access to affirming healthcare. Introducing an occupational therapy (OT) health promotion group in the safe and affirming environment of a gender health program within a public hospital addresses this need. To inform the development of a group that addressed the needs of both the patient population and implementation site, interview questions were created using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, staff within the gender health program were interviewed, and data was analyzed and applied to create a group protocol and implementation plan. Content analysis produced the following themes: 1) valuing an interdisciplinary approach; 2) establishing an affirming environment; 3) increasing accessibility; 4) existing lack of patient resources; 5) emphasizing patient feedback, 6) developing life skills; 7) challenging beauracratic red tape; and 8) fostering community to improve health and wellbeing in the TGD community. These themes were used to develop a group protocol and delivery plan that would maximize implementation success within the site. This capstone is important for OTs seeking to integrate gender affirming health promotion groups within hospital settings and can provide insight for all OTs on factors that support affirming and equitable care.Item The effects of message framing and healthcare provider recommendation on adult hepatitis B vaccination: A randomized controlled trial(Elsevier, 2019-08-09) Kasting, Monica L.; Head, Katharine J.; Cox, Dena; Cox, Anthony D.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineMany adults in the U.S. do not receive recommended vaccines, and the research literature remains inconclusive on the best communication strategies for increasing this behavior. This study examined the association of message framing (gained-framed vs. loss-framed vs. control), and healthcare provider (HCP) recommendation (offered vs. recommended) on uptake of adult hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in a high risk population using a 3×2 block design randomized controlled trial. Fear of shots, fear of vaccines, and perceived message framing were examined in secondary analyses. Of the 1,747 participants, 47.7% (n=833) received 0 doses of HBV vaccine, 27.8% (n=485) received 1 dose, 10.4% received 2 doses, and 14.1% received all 3 recommended doses. There was not a significant interaction between message framing and HCP recommendation (p =.59). Mean number of doses received by the gain-framed group (m=.96) was not significantly different from the loss-framed group (m=.97, RR=.99, 95% CI=.88–1.12). However, those receiving any framing message received significantly more doses (m= .96) than those in the control condition (m=.81, RR=1.17, 95%CI=1.06–1.31). Participants who received a HCP recommendation received significantly more vaccine doses (m=.95) than those in the vaccine-offered condition (mean=.82, RR=1.16, 95%CI=1.05–1.28). These results suggest there is no difference in vaccine uptake between gain-frame and loss-frame messages, but both are better than a control message. These results also support advising HCP to provide a strong recommendation for vaccinations beyond merely offering it to patients. This study has implications for vaccine uptake beyond HBV, and can inform future research on effective vaccine communication research.Item Health Promotion Messaging in Massage Therapy(2019-03) Munk, Niki; Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesItem A mixed-methods evaluation using effectiveness perception surveys, social network analysis, and county-level health statistics: A pilot study of eight rural Indiana community health coalitions(Elsevier, 2019-12) Ken-Opurum, Jennifer; Lynch, Krystal; Vandergraff, Donna; Miller, Douglas K.; Savaiano, Dennis A.; Surgery, School of MedicineCommunity health coalitions (CHCs) are a promising approach for addressing disparities in rural health statistics. However, their effectiveness has been variable, and evaluation methods have been insufficient and inconsistent. Thus, we propose a mixed-methods evaluation framework and discuss pilot study findings. CHCs in our pilot study partnered with Purdue Extension. Extension links communities and land grant universities, providing programming and support for community-engaged research. We conducted social network analysis and effectiveness perception surveys in CHCs in 8 rural Indiana counties during summer 2017 and accessed county-level health statistics from 2015-16. We compared calculated variables (i.e., effectiveness survey k-means clusters, network measures, health status/outcomes) using Pearson’s correlations. CHC members’ positive perceptions of their leadership and functioning correlated with interconnectedness in their partnership networks, while more centralized partnership networks correlated with CHC members reporting problems in their coalitions. CHCs with highly rated leadership and functioning developed in counties with poor infant/maternal health and opioid outcomes. Likewise, CHCs reporting fewer problems for participation developed in counties with poor infant/maternal health, poor opioid outcomes, and more people without healthcare coverage. This pilot study provides a framework for iterative CHC evaluation. As the evidence grows, we will make recommendations for best practices that optimize CHC partnerships to improve local health in rural areas.