Browsing by Subject "head and neck squamous cell carcinoma"

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    Dichotomous effects of cellular expression of STAT3 on tumor growth of HNSCC
    (Elsevier, 2021) Bickett, Thomas E.; Knitz, Michael W.; Piper, Miles; Oweida, Ayman J.; Gadwa, Jacob; Darragh, Laurel B.; Nguyen, Diemmy; Bhatia, Shilpa; Bhuvane, Shiv; Phan, Andy V.; Van Court, Benjamin; Corbo, Sophia; Pham, Tiffany; Dent, Alexander L.; Lenz, Laurel; Karam, Sana D.; Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
    STAT3 signaling has been shown to regulate cellular function and cytokine production in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Within the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) TME, we previously showed that therapeutic targeting of STAT3 in combination with radiation resulted in improved tumor growth delay. However, given the independent regulatory effects STAT3 has on anti-tumor immunity, we aimed to decipher the effects of individually targeting STAT3 in the cancer cell, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and natural killer (NK) cell compartments in driving tumor growth and resistance to therapy in HNSCCs. We utilized a CRISPR knockout system for genetic deletion of STAT3 within the cancer cell as well as two genetic knockout mouse models, FoxP3-Cre/STAT3 fl and NKp46-Cre/STAT3 fl, for Tregs and NK cell targeting, respectively. Our data revealed differences in development of resistance to treatment with STAT3 CRISPR knockout in the cancer cell, driven by differential recruitment of immune cells. Knockout of STAT3 in Tregs overcomes this resistance and results in Treg reprogramming and recruitment and activation of antigen-presenting cells. In contrast, knockout of STAT3 in the NK cell compartment results in NK cell inactivation and acceleration of tumor growth. These data underscore the complex interplay between the cancer cell and the immune TME and carry significant implications for drug targeting and design of combination approaches in HNSCCs.
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    Radiomics Features in Predicting Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review, Quality Appraisal, and Meta-Analysis
    (MDPI, 2024-03-29) Ansari, Golnoosh; Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad; Mosier, Kristine M.; Fakhry, Carole; Yousem, David M.; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine
    We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of radiomics features in predicting HPV status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) compared to routine paraclinical measures used in clinical practice. Twenty-six articles were included in the systematic review, and thirteen were used for the meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity of the included studies was 0.78, the overall specificity was 0.76, and the overall area under the ROC curve was 0.84. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) equaled 12 (8, 17). Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference between radiomics features extracted from CT or MR images. Overall, the studies were of low quality in regard to radiomics quality score, although most had a low risk of bias based on the QUADAS-2 tool. Radiomics features showed good overall sensitivity and specificity in determining HPV status in OPSCC, though the low quality of the included studies poses problems for generalizability.