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Browsing by Subject "genetic engineering"
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Item Adoption of bioengineered crops(2002-05) Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; McBride, WilliamReports on the acceptance of genetically-engineered crops by farmers.Item Genomics and the intrinsic value of plants(ESRC Genomics Network, 2005-12) Gremmen, BartDebates the ethical issues of plant genomics with respect to the intrinsic value of plants.Item NIH guidelines for research involving recombinant DNA molecules (NIH guidelines)(2002-04) National Institutes of Health (U.S.)Defines the official National Institutes of Health guidelines for conducting research involving "recombinant DNA molecules", which includes the development of genetically-modified organisms such as transgenic animals and plants.Item The potential role of 3D-bioprinting in xenotransplantation(Wolters Kluwer, 2019-10) Li, Ping; Zhang, Wenjun; Smith, Lester J.; Ayares, David; Cooper, David K. C.; Ekser, Bursin; Surgery, School of MedicinePurpose of review To review the impact of a new technology, 3D-bioprinting, in xenotransplantation research. Recent findings Genetically engineered pigs, beginning with human (h) CD55-transgenic and Gal-knockout pigs, have improved the outcomes of xenotransplantation research. Today, there are more than 30 different genetically engineered pigs either expressing human gene(s) or lacking pig gene(s). CRIPSR/cas9 technology has facilitated the production of multigene pigs (up to nine genes in a single pig), which lack multiple pig xenoantigens, and express human transgenes, such as hCD46, hCD55, hThrombomodulin, hCD39, etc. Although recent studies in nonhuman primates (NHPs) have demonstrated prolonged survival after life-supporting pig kidney, heart, and islet xenotransplantation, researchers have difficulty determining the best genetic combination to test in NHPs because of a potential greater than 100 000 genetic combinations. 3D-bioprinting of genetically engineered pig cells: is superior to 2D in-vitro testing, enables organ-specific testing, helps to understand differences in immunogenicity between organs, and is faster and cheaper than testing in NHPs. Moreover, 3D-bioprinted cells can be continuously perfused in a bioreactor, controlling for all variables, except the studied variable. Summary 3D-bioprinting can help in the study of the impact of specific genes (human or pig) in xenotransplantation in a rapid, inexpensive, and reliable way.