Browsing by Subject "fire"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Daily Situational Brief, July 27, 2011
    (MESH Coalition, 2011-07-27) MESH Coalition
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    Daily Situational Brief, May 18, 2011
    (MESH Coalition, 5/18/2011) MESH Coalition
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    Fire in the Earth System: Introduction to the Special Collection
    (Wiley, 2023-04) East, Amy; AghaKouchak, Amir; Caprarelli, Graziella; Filippelli, Gabriel; Florindo, Fabio; Luce, Charles; Rajaram, Harihar; Russell, Lynn; Santin, Cristina; Santos, Isaac; Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Science
    Fire has always been an important component of many ecosystems, but anthropogenic global climate change is now altering fire regimes over much of Earth's land surface, spurring a more urgent need to understand the physical, biological, and chemical processes associated with fire as well as its effects on human societies. In 2020, AGU launched a Special Collection that spanned 10 journals, soliciting papers under the theme “Fire in the Earth System” to encourage state-of-the-art publications in fire-related science. The completed Special Collection comprises more than 100 papers. Here, we summarize the articles published in this collection, considering them to be grouped into seven themes: paleofire and its ties to climate; evolution of fire patterns in the recent past and the future, including the effects of ongoing climate change; physical (atmospheric) and chemical processes associated with fire; ecosystem effects, including on biogeochemical cycles; physical landscape change after fire and its associated hazards; fire effects on water quality, air quality, and human health; and new methods and technologies applied to fire research.
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    Vegetation responses and trade‐offs with soil‐related ecosystem services after shrub removal: A meta‐analysis
    (Wiley, 2019) Daryanto, Stefani; Wang, Lixin; Fu, Bojie; Zhao, Wenwu; Wang, Shuai; Earth Sciences, School of Science
    Aim To assess the sustainability of different shrub control practices (fire, mechanical, and chemical), based on their efficacy to control shrubs and their effects on multiple ecosystem service provisions, including possible trade‐off and/or synergy. Methods Using a meta‐analysis approach, this study synthesized results from global shrub removal experiments. Log response ratio (lnR) between the outcome of shrub removal and that of the untreated control was used to estimate proportional changes in soil and vegetation properties resulting from each shrub control practice. Results When forage provisioning is the only service considered, shrub removal could achieve this desirable outcome as indicated by increasing herbaceous biomass. However, observable decreases in litter, biological crust cover, and soil nutrients, as well as increases in bare soil indicated long‐term potential trade‐offs with other ecosystem services (e.g., erosion control service, nutrient cycling); the degree may be influenced by different shrub control methods. Synergistic properties were probably limited to a short‐term boost of herb productivity resulting from short‐term increase in herb biomass and diversity as well as nutrient availability. Conclusion Human‐induced drivers manifested in shrub control practices may change vegetation response. However, management also changed non‐targeted processes, generating potential reduction in several regulating ecosystem services. Continuous monitoring to assess landscape conditions should therefore become the key for adaptive management. Sustainable forage production should focus on strategies to maintain multiple ecosystem services because consideration of those services can lead to long‐term protection of the landscape and provide a broader range of environmental benefits.