Browsing by Subject "echocardiography"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Complete Resolution of a Large Bicuspid Aortic Valve Thrombus with Anticoagulation in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome
    (Frontiers, 2016-09-20) Rachwan, Rayan Jo; Daher, Ghassan E.; Fares, Jawad; Rachoin, Rachoin; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Native aortic valve thrombosis in primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) is a rare entity. We describe a 38-year-old man who presented with neurological symptoms and a cardiac murmur. Transthoracic echocardiography detected a large bicuspid aortic valve thrombus. Laboratory evaluation showed the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Anticoagulation was started, and serial echocardiographic studies showed complete resolution of the aortic valve vegetation after 4 months. The patient improved clinically and had no residual symptoms. This report and review of the literature suggests that vegetations in APLS can be treated successfully with conservative treatment, regardless of their size.
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    Dissimilar Ultrasound Instruments
    (2013-01-20) Feigenbaum, Harvey
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    Early pulmonary vascular disease in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    (AJRCCM, 2015-01-01) Mourani, Peter M.; Sontag, Marci K.; Younoszai, Adel; Miller, Joshua I.; Kinsella, John P.; Baker, Christopher D.; Poindexter, Brenda B.; Ingram, David A.; Abman, Steven H.; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of Medicine
    RATIONALE: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with poor outcomes among preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but whether early signs of pulmonary vascular disease are associated with the subsequent development of BPD or PH at 36 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA) is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate the relationship of early echocardiogram signs of pulmonary vascular disease in preterm infants to the subsequent development of BPD and late PH (at 36 wk PMA). METHODS: Prospectively enrolled preterm infants with birthweights 500-1,250 g underwent echocardiogram evaluations at 7 days of age (early) and 36 weeks PMA (late). Clinical and echocardiographic data were analyzed to identify early risk factors for BPD and late PH. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 277 preterm infants completed echocardiogram and BPD assessments at 36 weeks PMA. The median gestational age at birth and birthweight of the infants were 27 weeks and 909 g, respectively. Early PH was identified in 42% of infants, and 14% were diagnosed with late PH. Early PH was a risk factor for increased BPD severity (relative risk, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.23) and late PH (relative risk, 2.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-6.33). Infants with late PH had greater duration of oxygen therapy and increased mortality in the first year of life (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Early pulmonary vascular disease is associated with the development of BPD and with late PH in preterm infants. Echocardiograms at 7 days of age may be a useful tool to identify infants at high risk for BPD and PH.
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    Echocardiographic Guidance During Neonatal and Pediatric Jugular Cannulation for ECMO
    (Elsevier, 2018-12) Salazar, Paul A.; Blitzer, David; Dolejs, Scott C.; Parent, John J.; Gray, Brian W.; Surgery, School of Medicine
    Background Internal jugular vein extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannula position is traditionally confirmed via plain film. Misplaced cannulae can result in need for repositioning and increased morbidity. Echocardiography (ECHO) may be used during cannulation as a more accurate means of guiding cannula position. This study reviews the effect of a protocol encouraging the use of ECHO at cannulation. Methods and materials Single institution retrospective review of patients who received ECMO support using jugular venous cannulation. We compared those who underwent ECHO (ECHO+) at the time of cannulation with those who did not (ECHO−). Results Eighty-nine patients were included: 26 ECHO+, 63 ECHO−. Most ECHO+ patients underwent dual-lumen veno-venous (VV) cannulation (65%); 32% of ECHO− patients had VV support (P = 0.003). There was no difference in the rate of cannula repositioning between the two groups: 8% ECHO+ and 10% ECHO−, P = 0.78. In the VV ECMO subgroup, ECHO+ patients required no repositioning (0/17), while 20% (4/20) of ECHO− VV patients did (P = 0.10). After cannulation, there were 0.58 ECHO studies per patient to verify cannula position in the ECHO+ group compared with 0.22 in the ECHO− group (P = 0.02). Each group had a major mechanical complication: atrial perforation from a guidewire during cannulation in ECHO+ and late atrial perforation from a loose cannula in ECHO−, and there was no difference in minor complications. Conclusions ECHO guidance during neonatal and pediatric jugular cannulation for ECMO did not decrease morbidity or reduce the need for cannula repositioning. ECHO may still be a useful adjunct for precise placement of a dual-lumen VV cannula and during difficult cannulations.
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    History of Echocardiography: How to introduce something new in medicine
    (2013-10-30) Feigenbaum, Harvey
    Echocardiography as we know it today began at Indiana University School of Medicine in the fall of 1963, exactly 50 years ago. This talk will document how this technology became the world’s leading cardiovascular imaging tool.
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    Patients with Diabetes and Significant Epicardial Coronary Artery Disease have Increased Systolic Left Ventricular Apical Rotation and Rotation Rate at Rest
    (Wiley, 2016-04) Rasalingam, Ravi; Holland, Mark R.; Cooper, Daniel H.; Novak, Eric; Rich, Michael W.; Miller, James G.; Pérez, Julio E.; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, IU School of Medicine
    Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether resting myocardial deformation and rotation may be altered in diabetic patients with significant epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD) with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Design A prospective observational study. Setting Diagnosis of epicardial CAD in patients with diabetes. Patients and Methods Eighty-four patients with diabetes suspected of epicardial CAD scheduled for cardiac catheterization had a resting echocardiogram performed prior to their procedure. Echocardiographic measurements were compared between patients with and without significant epicardial CAD as determined by cardiac catheterization. Main Outcome Measures Measurement of longitudinal strain, strain rate, apical rotation, and rotation rate, using speckle tracking echocardiography. Results Eighty-four patients were studied, 39 (46.4%) of whom had significant epicardial CAD. Global peak systolic apical rotation was significantly increased (14.9 ± 5.1 vs. 11.0 ± 4.8 degrees, P < 0.001) in patients with epicardial CAD along with faster peak systolic apical rotation rate (90.4 ± 29 vs. 68.1 ± 22.2 degrees/sec, P < 0.001). These findings were further confirmed through multivariate logistic regression analysis (global peak systolic apical rotation OR = 1.17, P = 0.004 and peak systolic apical rotation rate OR = 1.05, P < 0.001). Conclusions Patients with diabetes with significant epicardial CAD and normal LVEF exhibit an increase in peak systolic apical counterclockwise rotation and rotation rate detected by echocardiography, suggesting that significant epicardial CAD and its associated myocardial effects in patients with diabetes may be detected noninvasively at rest.
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    Usefulness of Doppler Transthoracic Echocardiography for the Diagnosis of Wide-QRS Complex Tachycardia
    (Elsevier, 2023-08) Hamon, David; Moulin, Thibaut; Nicolas, Eroan; Labbé, Jean-Philippe; Ternacle, Julien; Huguet, Raphaelle; Lim, Pascal; Derumeaux, Geneviève; Teiger, Emmanuel; Miller, John M.; Lellouche, Nicolas; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The differential diagnosis of wide–QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) must be assessed between ventricular tachycardia (VT) and supraventricular tachycardia with ventricular aberrancy. Numerous electrocardiographic algorithms have been described but may lack sensitivity or specificity in real-life practice. In this context, additional noninvasive methods are needed in stable patients not requiring urgent defibrillation. Flow and Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) allows real-time visualization of atrial and ventricular mechanical activities. In this proof-of-concept study, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility and performance of Doppler transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to elucidate atrioventricular (AV) relationship and discriminate VT from supraventricular tachycardia during WCT. The study protocol was approved by a national ethics committee, and all participants gave written inform consent.