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Item A Crime of Its Own? A Proposal for Achieving Greater Sentencing Consistency in Neonaticide and Infanticide Cases(2012) Ryznar, MargaretThere is currently an area in the criminal law — the application of murder statutes to infanticide cases — that has notably inconsistent sentences, which range from parole to the death penalty. Many judges have remarked on the risks of inconsistent sentencing, and the criminal system has generally avoided such sentencing consistencies. Without recommending a particular sentence, and in the interest of sentencing consistency, this article suggests the statutory separation of infanticide from general murder, as is done in England. The family law perspective of this article, a unique viewpoint in the area of criminal law, supports this proposition.Item The Elements of a Crime: a Brief Study on Actus Reus and Mens Rea,(U of Sao Paulo U of Porto, School of Law, 2020) Mallorquí-Ruscalleda, EnricAbstract: In this essay, and with the purpose of better understanding the fundamental elements on which the U.S. criminal law is based, I propose, mainly: 1) to define actus reus and mens rea; 2) to trace their genealogy and historical evolution, especially as far as men rea is concerned; 3) the above will be completed with a brief comment on legal cases that were once very important in relation to mens rea.