Browsing by Subject "complex trauma"

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    Bennett Expansion to the International Trauma Questionnaire: Results of Thematic Analysis and Psychometric Testing
    (2024-08) Bennett, Lindsay Michelle; Pierce, Barbara J.; Adamek, Margaret E.; Fukui, Sadaaki; Bigatti, Silvia M.
    Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) is distinct from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder based on genesis of trauma type leading to disorder and resulting symptomatology. Currently, C-PTSD is not included as an official diagnosis in American mental healthcare systems but is recognized worldwide by the International Classification of Diseases. Lack of awareness and recognition of this disorder has resulted in few behavioral health scales available to evaluate symptoms experienced by survivors of complex trauma. This study is a mixed methods approach to scale development and builds on the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). This ITQ is currently available to the public as a brief diagnostic tool for C-PTSD. In this study, thematic analysis was used following qualitative interviews to generate items for the Bennett-Expansion to the International Trauma Questionnaire. Themes emerged from qualitative analysis of affect regulation, physical symptoms, self-concept, interpersonal relationships, systemic influence and injustice and contextual triggers. These themes and codes provided language to capture C-PTSD symptoms more robustly. Results of exploratory factor analysis show six subscales named “Self-concept and interpersonal relationships,” “PTSD symptoms,” “Self-awareness,” “Physical symptoms,” “Affect regulation,” and “Conflict avoidance”. Internal consistency ranged from “acceptable” to “very good” in the subscales, with the total scale being “very good”. The BE-ITQ could be used in therapeutic practice to evaluate the efficacy of interventions with populations experiencing C-PTSD.
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    Therapeutic trust in complex trauma: a unique person – centered understanding
    (Taylor & Francis, 2024) Chouliara, Zoë; Murray, Jennifer; Coleman, Ann Marie; Burke Draucker, Claire; Choi, Wai Man Anna; School of Nursing
    We investigated the lived experience of therapeutic trust and its ruptures in working with clients with complex trauma presentations, a vulnerable and under-researched client group. A total of 13 clinicians and key informants, working in the field of complex trauma, were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to identify recurrent themes. The Nature, Function, Components, Process, and Challenges of building and maintaining therapeutic trust were identified. Therapeutic trust was experienced as a mechanism for reducing threat, processing vulnerability, and enabling accurately symbolisation. Focusing on trust and its ruptures seems key in working with clients presenting with complex traumas and potentially other severe and/or complex presentations. The importance of trust-focused person-centred approaches for addressing key psychological challenges, increasing engagement, and addressing experiences of disengagement in complex trauma is stressed. The central role of trust in the therapeutic relationship as a catalyst of change brings person- centred models to the fore of psychotherapy for complex trauma, as well as severe and/or complex presentations. In a traumatogenic world, therapists will be increasingly called to work with more clients presenting with traumas. A person-centred understanding seems to hold a lot of promise. Strategies for actively facilitating trust – focused, practice are proposed.