Browsing by Subject "cognitive training"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Cognitive Rehabilitation for Cognitive Dysfunction after Cancer and Cancer Treatment: Implications for Nursing Practice
    (Elsevier, 2020-02) Von Ah, Diane; Crouch, Adele; School of Nursing
    Objective To provide an overview of cognitive rehabilitation approaches for cognitive dysfunction after cancer and cancer treatment. Data Sources Review and synthesis of empirical articles. Conclusion Cognitive rehabilitation approaches, including cognitive behavioral therapy and cognitive training, for cognitive dysfunction appear feasible to deliver, satisfactory to participants, and have shown promising results in cancer survivors. Future research is needed to address optimal dose, delivery method, access, cost, and the vulnerable aging cancer survivor population. Implications for Nursing Practice Oncology nurses must understand the available evidence and be able to provide information and options to cancer survivors to address cognitive changes after cancer.
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    Does Targeted Cognitive Training Reduce Educational Disparities in Cognitive Function among Cognitively Normal Older Adults?
    (Wiley, 2016-07) Clark, Daniel O.; Xu, Huiping; Unverzagt, Frederick W.; Hendrie, Hugh; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    Objective The aim of this study was to investigate educational differences in treatment responses to memory, reasoning, and speed of processing cognitive training relative to no-contact control. Methods Secondary analyses of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly trial were conducted. Two thousand eight hundred older adults were randomized to memory, reasoning, or speed of processing training or no-contact control. A repeated-measures mixed-effects model was used to investigate immediate post-training and 1-year outcomes with sensitivity analyses out to 10 years. Outcomes were as follows: (1) memory composite of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test; (2) reasoning composite of letter series, letter sets, and word series; and (3) speed of processing measured using three trials of useful field of view and the digit symbol substitution test. Results The effects of reasoning and memory training did not differ by educational attainment. The effect of speed of processing training did. Those with fewer than 12 years of education experienced a 50% greater effect on the useful field of view test compared with those with 16 or more years of education. The training advantage for those with fewer than 12 years of education was maintained to 3 years post-training. Conclusion Older adults with less than a secondary education are at elevated risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. The analyses here indicate that speed of processing training is effective in older adults with low educational attainment.
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    MIND food and speed of processing training in older adults with low education, the MINDSpeed Alzheimer's disease prevention pilot trial
    (Elsevier, 2019-09) Clark, Daniel O.; Xu, Huiping; Moser, Lyndsi; Adeoye, Philip; Lin, Annie W.; Tangney, Christy C.; Risacher, Shannon L.; Saykin, Andrew J.; Considine, Robert V.; Unverzagt, Frederick W.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background Multiple national organizations and leaders have called for increased attention to dementia prevention in those most vulnerable, for example persons with limited formal education. Prevention recommendations have included calls for multicomponent interventions that have the potential to improve both underlying neurobiological health and the ability to function despite neurobiological pathology, or what has been termed cognitive reserve. Objectives Test feasibility, treatment modifier, mechanism, and cognitive function effects of a multicomponent intervention consisting of foods high in polyphenols (i.e., MIND foods) to target neurobiological health, and speed of processing training to enhance cognitive reserve. We refer to this multicomponent intervention as MINDSpeed. Design MINDSpeed is being evaluated in a 2 × 2 randomized factorial design with 180 participants residing independently in a large Midwestern city. Qualifying participants are 60 years of age or older with no evidence of dementia, and who have completed 12 years or less of education. All participants receive a study-issued iPad to access the custom study application that enables participants, depending on randomization, to select either control or MIND food, and to play online cognitive games, either speed of processing or control games. Methods All participants complete informed consent and baseline assessment, including urine and blood samples. Additionally, up to 90 participants will complete neuroimaging. Assessments are repeated immediately following 12 weeks of active intervention, and at 24 weeks post-randomization. The primary outcome is an executive cognitive composite score. Secondary outcomes include oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and neuroimaging-captured structural and functional metrics of the hippocampus and cortical brain regions. Summary MINDSpeed is the first study to evaluate the multicomponent intervention of high polyphenol intake and speed of processing training. It is also one of the first dementia prevention trials to target older adults with low education. The results of the study will guide future dementia prevention efforts and trials in high risk populations.