Browsing by Subject "bone regeneration"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Amnion–Chorion Allograft Barrier Used on Root Surface for Regenerative Procedures: Case Report
    (Wiley, 2020-12) Hamada, Yusuke; Yeh, Yu-Ting; Blanchard, Steven B.; Periodontology, School of Dentistry
    Introduction Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been well documented with combination of bone graft substitutes and biologic modifiers to improve the outcomes of periodontal regenerative procedures. Amnion-chorion allograft membrane (ACM) is a placenta-derived resorbable allograft membrane which contains growth factors found in the placenta. The primary purpose of the barrier membranes for GTR was to exclude the epithelial down-growth along with the root surface, however, the ACM can be used as an additional biologic modifier because of the release of growth factors from the ACM after placement. The aim of this case report is to evaluate the efficacy and the application of ACM on the previously diseased root surface to treat periodontal intrabony defect. Case Presentation A 60-year-old Caucasian male with deep and wide intrabony defect on mesial #19 was treated with a regenerative procedure with combination of application of ACM on the root surface and filling the intrabony defect with the corticocancellous freeze-dried bone allograft. The bone substitute was covered with another layer of ACM and primary closure was achieved. Wound healing process was uneventful, and the clinical and radiographic outcomes were favorable up to 18 months after the surgical procedure. Conclusion This case report demonstrated that the application of ACM on the root surface with a combination of bone substitute might enhance to the radiographic bone fill and the clinical attachment level gain and minimize the risk of post-operative gingival recession.
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    Development of 3D Bioactive Glass Bone Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Justiniano, Amanda; Zhang, Jing
    The goal of this research project is to develop a three-dimensional designed bioactive glass bone scaffold that can positively assist with bone regeneration. Current development and research emphasized on bone tissue engineering, is a big contribution towards many fields in science and engineering. In this project, a new bone scaffold that will help further studies in bone tissue engineering and bone regeneration will be developed using state-of-the art 3Dprinting technique. The bioglass material that will be used in this project is considered to be a promising material for bone scaffolds due to their ability to assist with tissue regeneration. The significance of this project is to provide a new methodical approach in order to precisely design the microstructure and thus build bone scaffolds that can effectively stimulate bone regeneration. The methods used in this research include the incorporation of computer-assisted design in order to build a model scaffold that will be 3d printed and evaluated.
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    Sostdc1 deficiency accelerates fracture healing by promoting the expansion of periosteal mesenchymal stem cells
    (Elsevier, 2016-07) Collette, Nicole M.; Yee, Cristal S.; Hum, Nicholas R.; Murugesh, Deepa K.; Christiansen, Blaine A.; Xie, LiQin; Economides, Aris N.; Manilay, Jennifer O.; Robling, Alexander G.; Loots, Gabriela G.; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, IU School of Medicine
    Loss of Sostdc1, a growth factor paralogous to Sost, causes the formation of ectopic incisors, fused molars, abnormal hair follicles, and resistance to kidney disease. Sostdc1 is expressed in the periosteum, a source of osteoblasts, fibroblasts and mesenchymal progenitor cells, which are critically important for fracture repair. Here, we investigated the role of Sostdc1 in bone metabolism and fracture repair. Mice lacking Sostdc1 (Sostdc1−/−) had a low bone mass phenotype associated with loss of trabecular bone in both lumbar vertebrae and in the appendicular skeleton. In contrast, Sostdc1−/− cortical bone measurements revealed larger bones with higher BMD, suggesting that Sostdc1 exerts differential effects on cortical and trabecular bone. Mid-diaphyseal femoral fractures induced in Sostdc1−/− mice showed that the periosteal population normally positive for Sostdc1 rapidly expands during periosteal thickening and these cells migrate into the fracture callus at 3 days post fracture. Quantitative analysis of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and osteoblast populations determined that MSCs express Sostdc1, and that Sostdc1−/− 5 day calluses harbor > 2-fold more MSCs than fractured wildtype controls. Histologically a fraction of Sostdc1-positive cells also expressed nestin and α-smooth muscle actin, suggesting that Sostdc1 marks a population of osteochondral progenitor cells that actively participate in callus formation and bone repair. Elevated numbers of MSCs in D5 calluses resulted in a larger, more vascularized cartilage callus at day 7, and a more rapid turnover of cartilage with significantly more remodeled bone and a thicker cortical shell at 21 days post fracture. These data support accelerated or enhanced bone formation/remodeling of the callus in Sostdc1−/− mice, suggesting that Sostdc1 may promote and maintain mesenchymal stem cell quiescence in the periosteum.